Epinephrine causes a reduction in lymph node cell output in sheep

Seabrook, Timothy J.; Ristevski, Bill; Rhind, Shawn G.; Shek, Pang N.; Zámečník, Jiří; Shephard, Roy J.; Hay, John B.

doi:10.1139/y00-124

“…Injection of a physiological (1 mg) dose of adrenaline in sheep induced a significant acute increase in lymph flow, followed by a decrease after injection in both lymph flow and cellular output, 69 without any change in the relative proportions of lymphocyte subsets or pools of lymphocytes in either blood or lymph. It thus seems unlikely that lymphatic tissue contributes to the leucocytosis after adrenaline injection, although it may contribute to the lymphopenia after exposure to a stressor.…”

Section: Impact Of Traycking Between Circulating and Non-circulating mentioning

confidence: 96%

Commentary

Pyne

¹

2001

Br J Sports Med

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives-The immune changes induced by a bout of prolonged and vigorous exercise have been suggested to be a useful experimental model of sepsis and the inflammatory response. Available literature was reviewed to evaluate this hypothesis. Methods-Literature describing the immune response to various patterns of exercise was compared with data on the immune changes observed during sepsis and inflammation. Results-Although there are qualitative similarities between the immune responses to exercise and sepsis, the magnitude of the changes induced by most forms of exercise remains much smaller than in a typical inflammatory response. Indeed, the exercise induced changes in some key elements such as plasma cytokine concentrations are too small to be detected reliably by current technology. Conclusions-If exercise is to provide a valid model of sepsis and the inflammatory response, it will be necessary to focus on subjects who are willing to exercise extremely hard, to use the pattern of exercise that has the greatest eVect on the immune system, and to combine this stimulus with other psychological, environmental, or nutritional stressors.

show abstract

Sepsis and mechanisms of inflammatory response: is exercise a good model?

Shephard¹

2001

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives-The immune changes induced by a bout of prolonged and vigorous exercise have been suggested to be a useful experimental model of sepsis and the inflammatory response. Available literature was reviewed to evaluate this hypothesis. Methods-Literature describing the immune response to various patterns of exercise was compared with data on the immune changes observed during sepsis and inflammation. Results-Although there are qualitative similarities between the immune responses to exercise and sepsis, the magnitude of the changes induced by most forms of exercise remains much smaller than in a typical inflammatory response. Indeed, the exercise induced changes in some key elements such as plasma cytokine concentrations are too small to be detected reliably by current technology. Conclusions-If exercise is to provide a valid model of sepsis and the inflammatory response, it will be necessary to focus on subjects who are willing to exercise extremely hard, to use the pattern of exercise that has the greatest eVect on the immune system, and to combine this stimulus with other psychological, environmental, or nutritional stressors. (Br J Sports Med 2001;35:223-230)

show abstract

Adhesion Molecules, Catecholamines and Leucocyte Redistribution During and Following Exercise

Shephard

¹

2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The circulating blood normally contains no more than 1-2% of the body's population of leucocytes. The numbers and phenotypes of circulating leucocyte subsets can change dramatically during and immediately following exercise. The surface expression of adhesion molecules makes an important contribution to such responses by changing patterns of cell trafficking. Alterations in the surface expression of adhesion molecules could reflect a shedding of molecules, selective apoptosis or differential trafficking of cells with a particular phenotype, effects from mechanical deformation of the cytoplasm, active biochemical processes involving cytokines, catecholamines, glucocorticoids or other hormones, or changes in the induction of adhesion molecules. The expression of adhesion molecules changes with maturation and activation of leucocytes. Typically, mature cells express lower densities of L-selectin (CD62L), the homing receptor for secondary lymphoid organs, and higher densities of LFA-1 (CD11a), the molecule associated with trafficking to non-lymphoid reservoir sites. The neutrophils and natural killer cells that are mobilised during exercise also express high levels of Mac-1 (CD11b), a marker associated with cellular activation. Possibly, exercise demarginates older cells that are awaiting destruction in the spleen. Plasma concentrations of catecholamines rise dramatically with exercise, and there is growing evidence that catecholamines, acting through a cyclic adenosine monophosphate second messenger system, play an important role in modifying the surface expression of adhesion molecules. Analogous changes can be induced by other forms of stress that release catecholamines or by catecholamine infusion, and responses are blocked by beta(2)-blocking agents. Catecholamines also modify adherence and expression of adhesion molecules in vitro. Cell trafficking is modified by genetic deficiencies in the expression of adhesion molecules, but leucocyte responses to exercise and catecholamines are generally unaffected by splenectomy. A number of clinical conditions including atherogenesis and metaplasia are marked by an altered expression of adhesion molecules. The effects of exercise on these molecules could thus have important health implications.

show abstract

Epinephrine causes a reduction in lymph node cell output in sheep

Cited by 4 publications

References 34 publications

Commentary

Commentary

Sepsis and mechanisms of inflammatory response: is exercise a good model?

Adhesion Molecules, Catecholamines and Leucocyte Redistribution During and Following Exercise

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About