Epileptic seizures, epilepsy and epileptic syndromes in newborns: A nosological approach to 94 new cases by the 2001 proposed diagnostic scheme for people with epileptic seizures and with epilepsy

Mastrangelo, Massimo; Lierde, A. Van; Bray, Milena; Pastorino, Giancarlo; Marini, Antonio; Mosca, Fabio

doi:10.1016/j.seizure.2005.04.001

Cited by 31 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In the studies that applied the ILAE classification of epileptic syndromes [21,55], authors reported a high prevalence of severe epilepsies, following neonatal seizures. Watanabe and collaborators have studied the outcome of newborns that presented epileptic syndromes, 41% of the infants that had neonatal symptomatic epilepsies developed West syndrome [46].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The comprehensive classification of seizures occurring during the neonatal period among epileptic syndromes has improved with ILAE 2001 proposal [55]. Despite all the criticism that this classification brings with misdiagnosis, its recognition based on clinical criteria (Volpe classification) is widely used even in recent studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neonatal seizures can be often difficult to treat and there are no completely safe drugs, specifically designed, for this age group [55,56,57].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Outcome of Newborns with Neonatal Seizures: Risk Factors and Predictors

Nunes¹,

Costa

2006

CPR

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Neonatal seizures (NS) are generally an acute manifestation of disturbance of the developing brain and are very common in the first weeks of life. Many studies have been published concerning risk factors, etiology, identification, treatment and outcome of newborns with seizures, however, an important question as why the outcome is so diverse among neonates with seizures is still open to discussion. A literature review was performed with the help of the Medline database by crossing the key words neonatal seizures and outcome. From 1973 to 2005, 851 references were found and after screening title and abstract, 36 were selected, which could be identified as prospective studies that analyzed the risk factors and outcome of NS. The main risk factors for NS were prematurity, low birth weight, antenatal complications, meconium staining and need of subsequent respiratory support. The most frequent etiology reported in all studies was hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Mortality ranged from 12 to 61%. Clinical predictors of outcome were seizure type, onset, etiology and duration besides abnormal neonatal examination. The background rhythm of neonatal EEG was also a very good predictor of outcome. The incidence of epilepsy after neonatal seizures varied from 9.4 to 56%, most of the newborns that developed postneonatal epilepsy had epileptic syndromes with unfavorable prognosis. In conclusion, neonatal seizures seem to be associated with elevated morbidity and mortality directly related to the gravity of the encephalic injury.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Outcome of Newborns with Neonatal Seizures: Risk Factors and Predictors

Nunes¹,

Costa

2006

CPR

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“…In literature, CNS infection as etiology was found in 3-20%. 7,9,16,20,21 Among the 35 neonates with CNS Infection, 33 had distinctive pattern of white matter involvement with extension into the subcortical white matter, corpus callosum, optic radiation or tracts suggestive of parechoviral encephalitis. This pattern had to be distinguished from MRI abnormality due to other viral etiology like HSV, as HSV encephalitis involve both white matter and grey matter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7,9,16,20,21 Intra-parenchymal bleed was the commonest and is a well-known cause for neonatal seizures. IVH was observed in 3% of infants presenting with neonatal seizures and may be an incidental finding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectrum of magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in neonatal seizures in a tertiary care hospital in India

Shaik¹,

Ratnavelu²,

Balakrishnan³

et al. 2016

Int J Contemp Pediatr

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INTRODUCTIONSeizure is the most common neurological presentation during the first month of life and can lead to adverse long term outcome.1-4 A specific etiology for the seizure can be better detected in infants compared to children. 5However in 12-15% of newborns the etiology remains unknown.6-8 Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a valuable tool for identifying structural abnormalities which may be the underlying etiology for neonatal seizures and it is also more sensitive to detect subtle changes compared to neurosonogram or computed tomography. 9 In developed countries, MRI of brain has become a standard investigation over a period of time but not yet in developing countries due to the lack of availability of equipment and expertise.7,10 MRI is not only helpful to detect the underlying brain etiology but also to prognosticate. 11Data on MRI findings in neonatal seizures are sparse in developing countries. Hence the objective of this study is ABSTRACT Background: Seizure is the most common neurological presentation during the first month of life and can lead to adverse long term outcome. The aim of the study was to describe the spectrum of brain lesions identified by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in term babies presenting with neonatal seizures. Methods: This retrospective descriptive study was done in a tertiary care hospital. The study subjects included term neonates presenting with neonatal seizures admitted in neonatal intensive care unit over a 5 year period, who underwent MRI brain. Data was collected from the medical records and radiology department. Results: Out of 189 neonates presenting with seizures, 155 underwent MRI brain. Brain lesions were identified in 122 (79%) babies. The most common etiological diagnosis was hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) which was noted in 43 (28%) neonates. The other findings in the decreasing order were encephalitis in 35 (23%), metabolic disorder in 16 (10%), haemorrhage in 15 (9.7%) vascular in 12 (8%) and cortical dysplasia in 1 (<1%) neonates. Conclusions: MRI identified brain lesions in 79% of infants who presented with neonatal seizures. In accordance with the literature, our studies also revealed HIE as the commonest brain lesion. The diagnosis of neonatal stroke and encephalitis was made specifically with the aid of MRI. MRI showed changes consistent with diagnosis of encephalitis in a significant proportion of babies. We suggest that MRI should be considered as a standard investigation during the evaluation and management of neonatal seizures.

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