Epileptic Seizure Detection and Prediction Based on Continuous Cerebral Blood Flow Monitoring – a Review

Tewolde, Senay; Oommen, Kalarickal J.; Lie, Donald Y. C.; Zhang, Yuanlin; Chyu, Ming‐Chien

doi:10.1260/2040-2295.6.2.159

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…An increase in Na + influx leads to depolarization, causing vascular neuronal damage to a certain extent. In particular, when the endothelial function of the local capillaries is damaged, local CBF is reduced ( Barth and Mody, 2011 ; Gooshe et al, 2015 ; Tewolde et al, 2015 ). Therefore, we can speculate that the IFGtriang is vascularly dysfunctional, and that decreases in CBF lead to the destruction of the vascular barrier, glial hyperplasia, and inflammation and induce excessive excitement of neuronal networks, thereby promoting epilepsy and leading to reduced perfusion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of Cerebral Perfusion and Functional Connectivity in Children With Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy

Chen

Ran

et al. 2022

Front. Neurosci.

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BackgroundStudies have demonstrated that adults with idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE) have functional abnormalities; however, the neuropathological pathogenesis differs between adults and children. This study aimed to explore alterations in the cerebral blood flow (CBF) and functional connectivity (FC) to comprehensively elucidate the neuropathological mechanisms of IGE in children.MethodsWe obtained arterial spin labeling (ASL) and resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging data of 28 children with IGE and 35 matched controls. We used ASL to determine differential CBF regions in children with IGE. A seed-based whole-brain FC analysis was performed for regions with significant CBF changes. The mean CBF and FC of brain areas with significant group differences was extracted, then its correlation with clinical variables in IGE group was analyzed by using Pearson correlation analysis.ResultsCompared to controls, children with IGE had CBF abnormalities that were mainly observed in the right middle temporal gyrus, right middle occipital gyrus (MOG), right superior frontal gyrus (SFG), left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and triangular part of the left IFG (IFGtriang). We observed that the FC between the left IFGtriang and calcarine fissure (CAL) and that between the right MOG and bilateral CAL were decreased in children with IGE. The CBF in the right SFG was correlated with the age at IGE onset. FC in the left IFGtriang and left CAL was correlated with the IGE duration.ConclusionThis study found that CBF and FC were altered simultaneously in the left IFGtriang and right MOG of children with IGE. The combination of CBF and FC may provide additional information and insight regarding the pathophysiology of IGE from neuronal and vascular integration perspectives.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alterations of Cerebral Perfusion and Functional Connectivity in Children With Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy

Chen

Ran

et al. 2022

Front. Neurosci.

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“…In epileptic model and patients, abnormal capillary vasodynamics are mediated by mural cell constrictions which is complex and changeable (Leal-Campanario et al, 2017). While blood flow contribute to epilepsy is controversial (Tewolde et al, 2015), we found that FDG uptake in the epileptic foci was minimally affected by influx and efflux of FDG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

The Evaluation of Dynamic FDG-PET for Detecting Epileptic Foci and Analyzing Reduced Glucose Phosphorylation in Refractory Epilepsy

et al. 2019

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Aims: Static fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-positron emission tomographic (PET) imaging plays an important role in the localization of epileptic foci. Dynamic FDG PET allows calculation of kinetic parameters. The aim of this study was to investigate whether kinetic parameters have potential for identifying epileptic foci, and to assess the correlation of parameters asymmetry indexes (ASYM) between dynamic and static FDG PET for understanding the pathophysiology of hypometabolism within intractable epilepsy.Methods: Seventeen patients who had refractory epilepsy correctly localized by static FDG PET with good outcome after foci resection were included. Eight controls were also studied. We performed dynamic and static FDG PET scan before operation. Images of both scans were coregistered to the montreal neurological institute space, regional time activity curves and activity concentration (AC) were obtained by applying the automated anatomical labeling template to the two spatially normalized images, respectively. Kinetic parameters were obtained using a two-tissue non-reversible compartmental model with an image-derived input function. AC from the static scan was used. Side-to-side ASYM of both static AC and kinetic parameters were calculated and analyzed in the hypometabolic epileptogenic regions and non-epileptogenic regions.Results: Higher values of ASYM from both kinetic parameters and static AC were found in the patients compared to the controls from epileptogenic regions. In the non-epileptogenic regions, no ASYM differences were seen between patients and controls for all parameters. In patients, static AC showed larger ASYM than influx (K1) and efflux (k2) of capillaries, but there were no statistical differences of ASYM between net metabolic flux (Ki) or the phosphorylation (k3) and static AC. ASYM of static AC positively correlated with ASYM of k3.Conclusion: Dynamic FDG PET can provide equally effective in detecting the epileptic foci compared to static FDG PET in this small cohort. In addition, compared to capillary influx, the hypometabolism of epileptic foci may be related to reduced glucose phosphorylation.

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“…The implanted thermal diffusion flowmeter sensor, the SABER 2000 (SABER 2000; Flowtornics, Phoenix, AZ, USA), 4 34) was used to measure the brain cortex surface temperature in 52 cases, between 1997 and 2002. The Bowman perfusion monitor (Hemedex, Waltham, MA, USA,) 21 29) was used to measure the brain cortex temperature at about 1–2 cm below the surface in 83 cases, between 2003 and 2009.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Difference between Brain and Axilla according to Body Temperature in the Patient with Brain Injury

Joo

et al. 2020

Korean J Neurotrauma

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Objective Commonly, brain temperature is estimated from measurements of body temperature. However, temperature difference between brain and body is still controversy. The objective of this study is to know temperature gradient between the brain and axilla according to body temperature in the patient with brain injury. Methods A total of 135 patients who had undergone cranial operation and had the thermal diffusion flow meter (TDF) insert were included in this analysis. The brain and axilla temperatures were measured simultaneously every 2 hours with TDF (2 kinds of devices: SABER 2000 and Hemedex) and a mercury thermometer. Saved data were divided into 3 groups according to axillary temperature. Three groups are hypothermia group (less than 36.4°C), normothermia group (between 36.5°C and 37.5°C), and hyperthermia group (more than 37.6°C). Results The temperature difference between brain temperature and axillary temperature was 0.93±0.50°C in all data pairs, whereas it was 1.28±0.56°C in hypothermia, 0.87±0.43°C in normothermia, and 0.71±0.41°C in hyperthermia. The temperature difference was statistically significant between the hypothermia and normothermia groups ( p =0.000), but not between the normothermia and hyperthermia group ( p =0.201). Conclusion This study show that brain temperature is significantly higher than the axillary temperature and hypothermia therapy is associated with large brain-axilla temperature gradients. If you do not have a special brain temperature measuring device, the results of this study will help predict brain temperature by measuring axillary temperature.

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Epileptic Seizure Detection and Prediction Based on Continuous Cerebral Blood Flow Monitoring – a Review

Cited by 15 publications

References 66 publications

Alterations of Cerebral Perfusion and Functional Connectivity in Children With Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy

Alterations of Cerebral Perfusion and Functional Connectivity in Children With Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy

The Evaluation of Dynamic FDG-PET for Detecting Epileptic Foci and Analyzing Reduced Glucose Phosphorylation in Refractory Epilepsy

Temperature Difference between Brain and Axilla according to Body Temperature in the Patient with Brain Injury

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