Epilepsy in autism spectrum disorder

Mannion, Arlene; Leader, Geraldine

doi:10.1016/j.rasd.2013.12.012

Cited by 29 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Common comorbidities in ASD include gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, sleep problems, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD), epilepsy, anxiety, toileting problems, feeding problems, emotional and behavioural problems, selfinjury, aggression and tantrum behaviour (Devlin et al 2008;Mannion & Leader 2013, 2014a, 2014bMaskey et al 2013;Leader & Mannion 2016a;Francis et al 2017;Leader et al 2020). Research has identified comorbidities in other rare genetic conditions such as fragile X syndrome (Newman et al 2015).…”

Section: Duplication 15q Syndrome and Comorbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships among gastrointestinal symptoms, sleep problems, challenging behaviour, comorbid psychopathology and autism spectrum disorder symptoms in children and adolescents with 15q duplication syndrome

Leader

Forde

Naughton

et al. 2020

J intellect Disabil Res

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Background Comorbidity is the presence of at least two disorders in one person at one time. This study examined the frequency of gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms, sleep problems, comorbid psychopathology, challenging behaviour and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptoms in children and adolescents with duplication 15q syndrome (Dup15q), aged 3-17 years. This study also examined whether challenging behaviour in Dup15q is predicted by age, gender, presence of an intellectual disability, sleep problems, GI symptoms and comorbid psychopathology. Method Parental measures were completed by 101 parents of children and adolescents with Dup15q. Questionnaires were composed of the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire, Behavior Problems Inventory-Short Form, GI Symptom Inventory, Social Communication Questionnaire and the Child Behavior Checklist. Results Sleep problems (94%), GI symptoms (87%) and challenging behaviour (100%) were common comorbidities represented in the sample in this study. Significant relationships were found between challenging behaviour and the presence of co-occurring sleep problems, GI symptoms, comorbid psychopathology and ASD symptoms. Further analysis revealed that these comorbidities also predicted challenging behaviour. Conclusion This research demonstrated the importance of studying the relationships between GI symptoms, sleep problems, comorbid psychopathology, ASD symptoms and challenging behaviour in Dup15q and how these conditions can shape the Dup15q phenotype.

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Section: Duplication 15q Syndrome and Comorbiditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships among gastrointestinal symptoms, sleep problems, challenging behaviour, comorbid psychopathology and autism spectrum disorder symptoms in children and adolescents with 15q duplication syndrome

Leader

Forde

Naughton

et al. 2020

J intellect Disabil Res

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show abstract

“…Autistic people are prone to experience mental health challenges (which we did not review here) [14]. However, many psychiatric medications for such challenges have side effects that are more commonly experienced in autistic than non-autistic individuals [75,81–83] contributing to heightened risk to physical health (e.g., weight gain and endocrine problems related to psychotropic medications). These findings have not yet been sufficiently studied in a sex-specific manner.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Health of Autistic Girls and Women: A Scoping Review

Kassee

Babinski

Tint

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: There is a growing recognition of sex and gender influences in autism. Increasingly, studies include comparisons between sexes or genders, but few have focused on clarifying the characteristics of autistic girls' and women's physical health. Methods: A scoping review was conducted to determine what is currently known about the physical health of autistic girls and women. We screened 1,112 unique articles, with 40 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. We used a convergent iterative process to synthesize this content into broad thematic areas. Results: Overall, autistic girls and women experience more physical health challenges compared to non-autistic girls and women, and to autistic boys and men. Preliminary evidence suggests increased neurological conditions (e.g., epilepsy) in autistic girls and women compared to autistic boys and men. As well, the literature suggests increased endocrine/reproductive conditions in autistic girls and women compared to non-autistic girls and women. Limitations: The literature has substantial heterogeneity in how physical health conditions were assessed and reported. Further, our explicit focus on physical health may have constrained the ability to examine potential interactions between mental and physical health. In addition, the widely differing research aims and methodologies make it difficult to reach definitive conclusions. Nevertheless, in keeping with the goals of a scoping review, we were able to identify key themes to guide future research. Conclusions: Emerging themes in the literature suggest that autistic girls and women have heightened rates of physical health challenges compared to autistic boys and men, and non-autistic girls and women. Clinicians should seek to provide holistic care for this population that includes a focus on physical health and recognizes that autistic girls and women have co-occurring conditions that differ from those of autistic boys and men.

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“…However, these numbers are likely to be underestimated. 9 Given that ASD and epilepsy co-occur in approximately 30% of individuals with ASD or epilepsy, 11 a considerable number of ASD cases in children with PNES presumably exist, although no such reports have been published. Matsuo et al 16 reported that ASD was undiagnosed in half of ASD children with epilepsy when their epilepsy was diagnosed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 9 , 10 Epilepsy is known to often occur in children with ASD. 11 Because children with epilepsy develop PNES more frequently than those without epilepsy, 1 children with ASD may suffer from PNES more often than those without ASD. However, the published reports of PNES in children with ASD do not yet exist, and effective treatment strategies for PNES in these children are lacking.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures as a manifestation of psychological distress associated with undiagnosed autism spectrum disorder

Miyawaki¹,

Iwakura²,

Seto³

et al. 2016

NDT

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Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) are observable changes in behavior or consciousness that are similar to epileptic seizures but are not associated with electrophysiologic changes. PNES occur in children with underlying psychological distress and are especially frequent in those with epilepsy. Because PNES are heterogeneous, comprehensive treatment tailored to each patient is required to reduce psychosocial stress. Currently, reports regarding children with PNES concomitant with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) do not exist, and effective treatment strategies for these children are lacking. In this case report, we describe a 10-year-old Japanese girl with undiagnosed ASD who developed PNES while undergoing treatment for benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes. She exhibited hypersensitivity to sound and interpersonal conflicts caused by social communication deficits. The PNES symptoms improved shortly after our intervention, which was designed to reduce her distress caused by auditory hypersensitivity and impaired social communication, both characteristics of ASD. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing PNES in a child with ASD. Our findings suggest that PNES can result from psychological distress in children with undiagnosed ASD and highlight the importance of examining ASD traits in patients with PNES.

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Epilepsy in autism spectrum disorder

Cited by 29 publications

References 47 publications

Relationships among gastrointestinal symptoms, sleep problems, challenging behaviour, comorbid psychopathology and autism spectrum disorder symptoms in children and adolescents with 15q duplication syndrome

Relationships among gastrointestinal symptoms, sleep problems, challenging behaviour, comorbid psychopathology and autism spectrum disorder symptoms in children and adolescents with 15q duplication syndrome

Physical Health of Autistic Girls and Women: A Scoping Review

Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures as a manifestation of psychological distress associated with undiagnosed autism spectrum disorder

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