Epilepsija in vožnja

Abstract

IzvlečekEpilepsija lahko predstavlja tveganje za vse udeležence v cestnem prometu, zato osebe z epilepsijo ne izpolnjujejo pogojev za neomejeno vozniško dovoljenje. Vpliv na vožnjo imajo tako sami epileptični napadi, saj spreminjajo stanje zavesti ter povzročajo prehodne motorične in senzorič-ne nevrološke znake, kot tudi protiepileptična zdravila zaradi svojih številnih stranskih učin-kov. Med strokovno javnostjo ni enotnega mnenja o tveganju za prometno nezgodo pri osebah z epilepsijo, vendar izsledki nedavnih raziskav kažejo, da je tveganje nižje v primerjavi z ostalimi zdravstvenimi stanji. Raziskave predstavljajo osnovo, na podlagi katerih nastajajo zakonski akti, ki z omejevanjem vožnje oseb z epilepsijo omogočajo njim in drugim udeležencem v prometu vožnjo v kar najbolj varnem okolju. V bližnji preteklosti je bila zakonodaja, ki v Republiki Sloveniji ureja omenjeno področje, deležna korenite prenove in danes omogoča manj diskriminatorno obravnavo. Čeprav se osebe z epilepsijo srečujejo s številnimi težavami, tako na področju osebnih odnosov kot zaposlitve, v anketah pogosto uvrščajo nezmožnost vožnje na sam vrh seznama težav. Pri obravnavi omenjenih težav pa igra pomembno vlogo prav gotovo družinski zdravnik. AbstractEpilepsy poses a risk for all participants in road traffic; therefore, people with epilepsy do not meet the criteria for an unlimited driving licence. Their driving is affected not only by epileptic seizures causing impaired consciousness and involuntary movements, but also by antiepileptic drugs with their many adverse affects. The experts have not yet agreed on whether people with epilepsy have an increased risk of experiencing a road traffic accident. However, recent data suggest that the overall risk is lower compared to other medical conditions. Scientific evidence forms the basis for legislation which enables all participants in road traffic to drive in the safest possible environment by imposing restrictions people with epilepsy. The legislation that governs epilepsy and driving in Slovenia has been recently thoroughly reformed, thus allowing a less discriminatory management of people with epilepsy. Although people with epilepsy experience many issues in their daily life, including their personal relationships and employment, they often list the need for driving as a top concern in surveys. General physicians play an important role in managing the issues of people with epilepsy.