Epilepsiebehandlung

Abstract

The efficacy of electrical stimulation in the treatment of epileptic seizures was demonstrated experimentally even in the 1970s. Clinical studies have proven the efficacy of vagus nerve stimulation and in recent years also of stimulation of the trigeminal nerve, the anterior nucleus of the thalamus and of the epileptic focus in treating focal epilepsy. Mechanisms of action depend on the stimulation site and parameters and include activation of endogenous antiepileptic nuclei, modulation of propagation of epileptic activity and suppression of ictal activity at the site of generation. Based on available data the tolerability of peripheral and central brain stimulation appears to be good but experiences from wider clinical use are still lacking.

Improved Temporal and Spatial Focality of Non-invasive Deep-brain Stimulation using Multipolar Single-pulse Temporal Interference with Applications in Epilepsy

“…Electrical stimulation as a neuromodulation method in epilepsy has been increasingly explored and included in clinical therapy and tissue exploration to investigate neural network, providing insights into the potential functions of the brain region stimulated 1,2 . As the limitations with newly developed antiseizure medications (ASMs) increases 3 , neuromodulation in the form of electrical stimulation provides an alternative treatment modality that allows selective stimulation and activation of brain structures, which cannot be targeted with medications 4,5 . The most common method of targeting deep brain structures in epilepsy is Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) using implanted electrodes, most typically targeting the thalamus, hippocampus, or parts of the basal ganglia 6,7 .…”