Epigenomic effects of vitamin D in colorectal cancer

Abstract

Vitamin D regulates a plethora of physiological processes in the human body and has been proposed to exert several anticancer effects. Epigenetics plays an important role in regulating vitamin D actions. In this review, we highlight the recent advances in the understanding of different epigenetic factors such as lncRNAs, miRNAs, methylation and acetylation influenced by vitamin D and its downstream targets in colorectal cancer to find more potential therapeutic targets. We discuss how vitamin D exerts anticancer properties through interactions between the vitamin D receptor and genes (e.g., SLC30A10), the microenvironment, microbiota and other factors in colorectal cancer. Developing therapeutic approaches targeting the vitamin D signaling system will be aided by a better knowledge of the epigenetic impact of vitamin D.

The anti-aging effect of vitamin D and vitamin D receptor in Drosophila midgut

“…In addition, the non-stop identity complex, histones H3 and H4, and vitamin B6 protect differentiated ECs and promote survival [ 49 – 51 ]. A recent report suggested that the epigenomic effects of VitD are mediated by epigenetic factors such as IncRNAs, miRNAs, methylation, acetylation, and the interactions between VDR and certain genes such as SLC30A10 [ 52 ]. In the present study, HP1 was not detected in some ECs in EC-specific VDR knocked-down guts ( Supplementary Figure 5 ).…”

Colon and rectal cancer: An emergent public health problem

“…In this regard, the American Cancer Society has reinforced the role of diet and physical activity as important determinants in CRC prevention[ 17 ]. Regarding vitamin supplements that include calcium and vitamin D in reducing CRC[ 15 ], results have been controversial and their use did not demonstrate a significant reduction in the risk of developing CRC in healthy subjects[ 16 ]. In physically active patients, the risk of developing CRC is reduced by about 15% compared to people who do not practice any type of physical exercise.…”

Circulating vitamin D level before initiating chemotherapy impacts on the time-to-outcome in metastatic colorectal cancer patients: systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Subsequently, 25(OH)D is transported to the kidneys, where it undergoes a second hydroxylation step by the enzyme 1α-hydroxylase to form 1,25(OH)2D, also known as calcitriol. Calcitriol binds to various cytosolic receptors and exerts its effects by translocating to the nucleus, thereby modulating gene expression [ 10 ]. This reprogramming leads to the regulation of calcium homeostasis.…”