Epigenome-Wide Association of Infant Feeding and Changes in DNA Methylation from Birth to 10 Years

Mallisetty, Yamini; Mukherjee, Nandini; Jiang, Yu; Chen, Su; Ewart, Susan; Arshad, Syed Hasan; Holloway, John W.; Zhang, Hongmei; Karmaus, Wilfried

doi:10.3390/nu13010099

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(85 reference statements)

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“…Separate linear regression models controlling for confounders were used to identify 87 differentially methylated CpGs in different breastfeeding and formula feeding children (exclusive breastfeeding (EBF): 27 CpGs, exclusive formula feeding (EFF): 48 CpGs and mixed: 12 CpGs) [ 744 ]. The EFF group had a significantly lower total of all methylation alterations from birth to the age of ten years old.…”

Section: Breastfeeding and Epigeneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, the number of CpGs with a methylation reduction increased by 4.7% (13,683 CpGs). Future research is needed to lessen the negative health impacts of lower methylation associated with exclusive formula feeding and its negative potential for a child’s development [ 744 ]. Breastfeeding is linked to epigenetic changes in buccal cells in children.…”

Section: Breastfeeding and Epigeneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Breast Milk: MicroRNA Contents and Potential Epigenetic Effects

et al. 2022

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Infants who are exclusively breastfed in the first six months of age receive adequate nutrients, achieving optimal immune protection and growth. In addition to the known nutritional components of human breast milk (HBM), i.e., water, carbohydrates, fats and proteins, it is also a rich source of microRNAs, which impact epigenetic mechanisms. This comprehensive work presents an up-to-date overview of the immunomodulatory constituents of HBM, highlighting its content of circulating microRNAs. The epigenetic effects of HBM are discussed, especially those regulated by miRNAs. HBM contains more than 1400 microRNAs. The majority of these microRNAs originate from the lactating gland and are based on the remodeling of cells in the gland during breastfeeding. These miRNAs can affect epigenetic patterns by several mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications and RNA regulation, which could ultimately result in alterations in gene expressions. Therefore, the unique microRNA profile of HBM, including exosomal microRNAs, is implicated in the regulation of the genes responsible for a variety of immunological and physiological functions, such as FTO, INS, IGF1, NRF2, GLUT1 and FOXP3 genes. Hence, studying the HBM miRNA composition is important for improving the nutritional approaches for pregnancy and infant’s early life and preventing diseases that could occur in the future. Interestingly, the composition of miRNAs in HBM is affected by multiple factors, including diet, environmental and genetic factors.

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Section: Breastfeeding and Epigeneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Breastfeeding and Epigeneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Breast Milk: MicroRNA Contents and Potential Epigenetic Effects

et al. 2022

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“…Growing evidence indicates that the duration of breastfeeding plays a crucial for postnatal epigenetic imprinting and long-term clinical outcomes [ 444 , 445 , 446 , 447 , 448 ]. Breastfeeding has been related to the modification of methylation markers associated with T2DM [ 449 ].…”

Section: Perinatal Factors Disturbing Mex Mir-regulated β Cell Homeos...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Milk Exosomal microRNAs: Postnatal Promoters of β Cell Proliferation but Potential Inducers of β Cell De-Differentiation in Adult Life

Melnik

Schmitz

2022

IJMS

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Pancreatic β cell expansion and functional maturation during the birth-to-weaning period is driven by epigenetic programs primarily triggered by growth factors, hormones, and nutrients provided by human milk. As shown recently, exosomes derived from various origins interact with β cells. This review elucidates the potential role of milk-derived exosomes (MEX) and their microRNAs (miRs) on pancreatic β cell programming during the postnatal period of lactation as well as during continuous cow milk exposure of adult humans to bovine MEX. Mechanistic evidence suggests that MEX miRs stimulate mTORC1/c-MYC-dependent postnatal β cell proliferation and glycolysis, but attenuate β cell differentiation, mitochondrial function, and insulin synthesis and secretion. MEX miR content is negatively affected by maternal obesity, gestational diabetes, psychological stress, caesarean delivery, and is completely absent in infant formula. Weaning-related disappearance of MEX miRs may be the critical event switching β cells from proliferation to TGF-β/AMPK-mediated cell differentiation, whereas continued exposure of adult humans to bovine MEX miRs via intake of pasteurized cow milk may reverse β cell differentiation, promoting β cell de-differentiation. Whereas MEX miR signaling supports postnatal β cell proliferation (diabetes prevention), persistent bovine MEX exposure after the lactation period may de-differentiate β cells back to the postnatal phenotype (diabetes induction).

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“…In total, 87 CpGs were associated with the feeding mode, with 27 distinctly related to exclusive breastfeeding. The described effect could be caused by the bio-compounds present in the human milk and indirectly caused by changes in the microbiota, with known SCFAs (short-chain fatty acids) role as epigenetic modifiers [ 24 ]. Another study revealed changes in the methylation of DMs (differentially methylated site) at SNH25, which is related to the regulation of TGF-β and further production of IgA, and DMR (differentially methylated region) at FDFT1, related to hyperlipidemia, as a marker of breastfeeding duration and methylation at 10 years of age [ 44 ].…”

Section: Mechanism Of the Effect Of Breastfeedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breastfeeding and Allergy Effect Modified by Genetic, Environmental, Dietary, and Immunological Factors

Danielewicz

2022

Nutrients

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Breastfeeding (BF) is the most natural mode of nutrition. Its beneficial effect has been revealed in terms of both the neonatal period and those of lifelong effects. However, as for protection against allergy, there is not enough data. In the current narrative review, the literature within the last five years from clinical trials and population-based studies on breastfeeding and allergy from different aspects was explored. The aim of this review was to explain how different factors could contribute to the overall effect of BF. Special consideration was given to accompanying exposure to cow milk, supplement use, the introduction of solid foods, microbiota changes, and the epigenetic function of BF. Those factors seem to be modifying the impact of BF. We also identified studies regarding BF in atopic mothers, with SCFA as a main player explaining differences according to this status. Conclusion: Based on the population-based studies, breastfeeding could be protective against some allergic phenotypes, but the results differ within different study groups. According to the new research in that matter, the effect of BF could be modified by different genetic (HMO composition), environmental (cesarean section, allergen exposure), dietary (SCFA, introduction of solid food), and immunologic factors (IgG, IgE), thus partially explaining the variance.

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Epigenome-Wide Association of Infant Feeding and Changes in DNA Methylation from Birth to 10 Years

Cited by 14 publications

References 61 publications

Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Breast Milk: MicroRNA Contents and Potential Epigenetic Effects

Immunomodulatory Properties of Human Breast Milk: MicroRNA Contents and Potential Epigenetic Effects

Milk Exosomal microRNAs: Postnatal Promoters of β Cell Proliferation but Potential Inducers of β Cell De-Differentiation in Adult Life

Breastfeeding and Allergy Effect Modified by Genetic, Environmental, Dietary, and Immunological Factors

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