Epigenetics: the first 25 centuries

Ganesan, A.

doi:10.1098/rstb.2017.0067

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Epigenetics refers to the heritable changes that do not change the underlying DNA sequences, but the gene expression and the functions change, and the process is reversible and environmental. [ 15 ] TCM holds that syndromes are the generalization of the pathological characteristics of human body at various stages under the influence of internal and external environment, which is similar with the “microscopic concept” of epigenetics. Some scholars have proposed that epigenetics is the partial material basis of TCM syndrome diversity, and the microscopic index of epigenetics can be a necessary supplement to the macroscopic syndrome differentiation of TCM syndromes [ 16 ] (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic differences of chronic hepatitis B in different TCM syndromes

Zheng

Yang

et al. 2018

Medicine

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Introduction:Chronic hepatitis B is a serious disease causing serious harm to the human health. Chinese medicine has its unique advantages in the clinical prevention and treatment, while the syndrome of Chinese medicine lacks the understanding at the micro level. There are some theoretical commonalities between the epigenetics and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndromes. The biological basis of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) syndrome differentiation from the perspective of epigenetics is of great significance to diagnose and prevent the diseases.Methods:This protocol is a case-control, noninterventional, observational clinical study. Patients with CHB for spleen-stomach damp heat and liver depression and spleen deficiency, with 12 each and 11 healthy volunteers were recruited. Peripheral venous blood was collected from the participants. DNA methylated transferase, genomic DNA methylated spectrum, methylated DNA binding protein MeCP2, chronic infection of hepatitis B virus with methylated related proteins, and miRNA target genes were analyzed.Objectives:From the perspective of DNA methylation epigenetics, “DNA methylation–miRNA–Target gene” is the main line, which further reveals the essence of TCM syndrome. To improve the level of TCM clinical syndrome differentiation and the clinical efficacy of TCM, especially in the study of TCM syndromes of CHB, discovering its underlying biological signature is necessary.Trial registration:Clinical Trials Registration: ChiCTR1800017365, registered 26 July 2018.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic differences of chronic hepatitis B in different TCM syndromes

Zheng

Yang

et al. 2018

Medicine

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“…The data sets of life have expanded far beyond the central dogma [14,15] and may have even expanded into the realm of “Personomics” [16], clearly expanding the data sets taken into consideration as part of precision medicine [17•]. We now are considering epigenetic alterations such as DNA methylation defects and aberrant covalent histone modifications that occur in cancer initiation and progression.…”

Section: Advances Which Have Impacted the Classification Of Colorectamentioning

confidence: 99%

Back to the Colorectal Cancer Consensus Molecular Subtype Future

Menter

Davis

Broom

et al. 2019

Curr Gastroenterol Rep

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Purpose of Review-This review seeks to provide an informed prospective on the advances in molecular profiling and analysis of colorectal cancer (CRC). The goal is to provide a historical context and current summary on how advances in gene and protein sequencing technology along with computer capabilities led to our current bioinformatic advances in the field. Recent Findings-An explosion of knowledge has occurred regarding genetic, epigenetic, and biochemical alterations associated with the evolution of colorectal cancer. This has led to the realization that CRC is a heterogeneous disease with molecular alterations often dictating natural history, response to treatment, and outcome. The consensus molecular subtypes (CMS) classification classifies CRC into four molecular subtypes with distinct biological characteristics, which may form the basis for clinical stratification and subtype-based targeted intervention. Summary-This review summarizes new developments of a field moving "Back to the Future." CRC molecular subtyping will better identify key subtype specific therapeutic targets and responses to therapy.

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“…The next step in the evolution of cancer therapeutics was guided by the discovery of growth promoting and inhibitory pathways, cell cycle kinetics, including cyclin dependent kinases, oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, gene regulatory machineries, and nuclear receptors. This was followed by discovery of epigenome, and micro-RNA network [22].…”

Section: Chemo-and Targeted-therapies Co-exist In Today's Cancer Clinicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploiting Cancer’s Tactics to Make Cancer a Manageable Chronic Disease

Afrasiabi

Linskey

Zhou

2020

Cancers

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The history of modern oncology started around eighty years ago with the introduction of cytotoxic agents such as nitrogen mustard into the clinic, followed by multi-agent chemotherapy protocols. Early success in radiation therapy in Hodgkin lymphoma gave birth to the introduction of radiation therapy into different cancer treatment protocols. Along with better understanding of cancer biology, we developed drugs targeting cancer-related cellular and genetic aberrancies. Discovery of the crucial role of vasculature in maintenance, survival, and growth of a tumor opened the way to the development of anti-angiogenic agents. A better understanding of T-cell regulatory pathways advanced immunotherapy. Awareness of stem-like cancer cells and their role in cancer metastasis and local recurrence led to the development of drugs targeting them. At the same time, sequential and rapidly accelerating advances in imaging and surgical technology have markedly increased our ability to safely remove ≥90% of tumor cells. While we have advanced our ability to kill cells from multiple directions, we have still failed to stop most types of cancer from recurring. Here we analyze the tactics employed in cancer evolution; namely, chromosomal instability (CIN), intra-tumoral heterogeneity (ITH), and cancer-specific metabolism. These tactics govern the resistance to current cancer therapeutics. It is time to focus on maximally delaying the time to recurrence, with drugs that target these fundamental tactics of cancer evolution. Understanding the control of CIN and the optimal state of ITH as the most important tactics in cancer evolution could facilitate the development of improved cancer therapeutic strategies designed to transform cancer into a manageable chronic disease.

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Epigenetics: the first 25 centuries

Cited by 18 publications

References 19 publications

Epigenetic differences of chronic hepatitis B in different TCM syndromes

Epigenetic differences of chronic hepatitis B in different TCM syndromes

Back to the Colorectal Cancer Consensus Molecular Subtype Future

Exploiting Cancer’s Tactics to Make Cancer a Manageable Chronic Disease

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