Epigenetics of Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphomas

Abstract

Epigenetic modifications rarely occur in isolation (as single “epigenetic modifications”). They usually appear together and form a network to control the epigenetic system. Cutaneous malignancies are usually affected by epigenetic changes. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the epigenetic changes associated with cutaneous lymphomas. In this review, we focused on cutaneous T-cell lymphomas such as mycosis fungoides, Sézary syndrome, and anaplastic large cell lymphoma. With regard to epigenetic changes, we summarize the detailed chemical modifications categorized into DNA methylation and histone acetylation and methylation. We also summarize the epigenetic modifications and characteristics of the drug for cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL). Furthermore, we discuss current research on epigenetic-targeted therapy against cutaneous T-cell lymphomas. Although the current method of treatment with histone deacetylase inhibitors does not exhibit sufficient therapeutic benefits in all cases of CTCL, epigenetic-targeted combination therapy might overcome this limitation for patients with CTCL.

Differential molecular programs of cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma and CD30-positive transformed mycosis fungoides

“…Unfortunately, there are lack of sufficient epigenome data from cALCL and CD30+ TMF for direct analysis. T cell-associated transcription factors such as LEF1, TCF7, and GATA3 were decreased in cALCL in comparison to CD30+TMF in our dataset, which are possibly altered by the suppressive trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 in cALCL ( 67 , 68 ). These findings emphasize the necessity of a wide-ranging multi-omics investigation, including epigenetic profiles, accurate transcriptomic atlases, and a genomic landscape.…”