Epigenetics in Drug Discovery: Achievements and Challenges

Korda, Ziva; Pishva, Ehsan; Hove, Daniel L.A. van den

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-62351-7_4

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2021

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“…There are many different epigenetic signals in the cell and in the organism. Among these signals are currently known [15,16]: -Methylation of DNA; -Several histones' enzymatic modifications; -Chromosomal and genomic rearrangements; -Small non-coding RNA (siRNA, or so-called small interfering RNA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetics is Promising Direction in Modern Science

Фартушок

Kovalishin

Fedevych

et al. 2021

Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology

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Epigenetics studies the inherited changes in a phenotype or in expression of genes caused by other mechanisms, without changing the nucleotide sequence of DNA. The most distinguished epigenetic tools are: modifications of histones, enzymatic DNA methylation, and gene silencing mediated by small RNAs (miRNA, siRNA). The resulting m5C residues in DNA substantially affect the cooperation of proteins with DNA. It is organized by hormones and aging-related alterations, one of the mechanisms controlling sex and cellular differentiation. DNA methylation regulates all genetic functions: repair, recombination, DNA replication, as well as transcription. Distortions in DNA methylation and other epigenetic signals lead to diabetes, premature aging, mental dysfunctions, and cancer.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%