Epigenetics as “conductor” in “orchestra” of pluripotent states

Baral, Ishita; Varghese, Pallavi Chinnu; Dutta, Debasree

doi:10.1007/s00441-022-03667-0

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 191 publications

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“…Classical pluripotency core factors OCT4, CMYC, NANOG, SOX2, KLF4, and LIN28 have been shown to interact with and regulate the epigenetic landscape [ 59 , 60 ]. For instance, hypomethylation of the OCT4 gene promoter is known to enhance its expression, and OCT4 may in turn interact with several polycomb group proteins to regulate the histone methylation status of other genes and pluripotency factors such as NANOG [ 61 , 62 , 63 ]. A high expression of pluripotency core factors induces somatic cell dedifferentiation, making DNA more accessible and facilitating the expression of stemness-related genes [ 63 , 64 ].…”

Section: Metabolic and Epigenetic Remodeling In Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Notch and Wnt Signaling Modulation to Enhance DPSC Stemness and Therapeutic Potential

Uribe-Etxebarria

Pineda

García-Gallastegi

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The Dental Pulp of permanent human teeth is home to stem cells with remarkable multilineage differentiation ability: human Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs). These cells display a very notorious expression of pluripotency core factors, and the ability to give rise to mature cell lineages belonging to the three embryonic layers. For these reasons, several researchers in the field have long considered human DPSCs as pluripotent-like cells. Notably, some signaling pathways such as Notch and Wnt contribute to maintaining the stemness of these cells through a complex network involving metabolic and epigenetic regulatory mechanisms. The use of recombinant proteins and selective pharmacological modulators of Notch and Wnt pathways, together with serum-free media and appropriate scaffolds that allow the maintenance of the non-differentiated state of hDPSC cultures could be an interesting approach to optimize the potency of these stem cells, without a need for genetic modification. In this review, we describe and integrate findings that shed light on the mechanisms responsible for stemness maintenance of hDPSCs, and how these are regulated by Notch/Wnt activation, drawing some interesting parallelisms with pluripotent stem cells. We summarize previous work on the stem cell field that includes interactions between epigenetics, metabolic regulations, and pluripotency core factor expression in hDPSCs and other stem cell types.

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Section: Metabolic and Epigenetic Remodeling In Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Notch and Wnt Signaling Modulation to Enhance DPSC Stemness and Therapeutic Potential

Uribe-Etxebarria

Pineda

García-Gallastegi

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…The SET domain lysine methyltransferases are active KMTs, and their SET domain catalyzes methylation of specific lysine marks at both histone and non-histone substrates [4]. The domain was first discovered in Drosophila, where three proteins shared the conserved SET sequence: the modifier of position-effect variegation, Suppressor of variegation 3-9 [Su(var) [3][4][5][6][7][8][9]; the polycomb-group chromatin regulator, Enhancer of zeste [E(z)]; and the trithorax-group chromatin regulator, Trithorax (Trx) [4,26]. Proteins carrying variants of the approximately 130-amino-acid SET domain have been identified in the genomes of all eukaryotic organisms sequenced to date, as well as many bacterial genomes [26][27][28].…”

Section: Lysine-specific Methylation In Heart Development and Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different methylation sites can act together to ''poise'' genes, which enables rapid activation upon lineage commitment. These double-methylated, i.e., bivalent, promoters carry marks for both activation and repression, so that the definitive cell types carry marks either in support of a transcriptionally active or a silent state, thus sustaining cell fate decisions [7]. Over fifty proteins encoded in the human genome are known or predicted KMTs (catalytic SET domain KMTs) [8]; each targets a specific histone-lysine (H_K_) and catalyzes any or a combination of me1, me2, or me3 [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Roles of Histone Lysine Methyltransferases in Heart Development and Disease

Zhu

Leemput

Han

2023

JCDD

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Epigenetic marks regulate the transcriptomic landscape by facilitating the structural packing and unwinding of the genome, which is tightly folded inside the nucleus. Lysine-specific histone methylation is one such mark. It plays crucial roles during development, including in cell fate decisions, in tissue patterning, and in regulating cellular metabolic processes. It has also been associated with varying human developmental disorders. Heart disease has been linked to deregulated histone lysine methylation, and lysine-specific methyltransferases (KMTs) are overrepresented, i.e., more numerous than expected by chance, among the genes with variants associated with congenital heart disease. This review outlines the available evidence to support a role for individual KMTs in heart development and/or disease, including genetic associations in patients and supporting cell culture and animal model studies. It concludes with new advances in the field and new opportunities for treatment.

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Development of the Avian Respiratory System

Maina

2023

Zoological Monographs

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Epigenetics as “conductor” in “orchestra” of pluripotent states

Cited by 4 publications

References 191 publications

Notch and Wnt Signaling Modulation to Enhance DPSC Stemness and Therapeutic Potential

Notch and Wnt Signaling Modulation to Enhance DPSC Stemness and Therapeutic Potential

The Roles of Histone Lysine Methyltransferases in Heart Development and Disease

Development of the Avian Respiratory System

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