Epigenetics and therapeutic targets in gastrointestinal malignancies

Nagaraju, Ganji Purnachandra; Kasa, Prameswari; Dariya, Begum; Surepalli, Nagalakshmi; Peela, Sujatha; Ahmad, Sarfraz

doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2021.04.013

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…Importantly, its detection value should have a quite high correlation with the pathological features and clinical parameters of cancer, such as high Gleason score, advanced cancer stage, positive lymph node status, and incomplete tumor resection ( Skovgaard et al, 2016 ). The relevant research reported that DNMTs expression level was significantly associated with intrusive depth, metastasis, prognosis, and drug resistance of cancer ( McMullen et al, 2020 ; Zhang et al, 2020 ; Nagaraju et al, 2021 ). Therefore, this section summed up the reports on potential clinical significance of DNMTs in cancer.…”

Section: Potential Clinical Significance Of Dnmts In Inflammation And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging role of different DNA methyltransferases in the pathogenesis of cancer

et al. 2022

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DNA methylation is one of the most essential epigenetic mechanisms to regulate gene expression. DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) play a vital role in DNA methylation in the genome. In mammals, DNMTs act with some elements to regulate the dynamic DNA methylation patterns of embryonic and adult cells. Conversely, the aberrant function of DNMTs is frequently the hallmark in judging cancer, including total hypomethylation and partial hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs), which improve the malignancy of tumors, aggravate the ailment for patients, and significantly exacerbate the difficulty of cancer therapy. Since DNA methylation is reversible, currently, DNMTs are viewed as an important epigenetic target for drug development. However, the impression of DNMTs on cancers is still controversial, and therapeutic methods targeting DNMTs remain under exploration. This review mainly summarizes the relationship between the main DNMTs and cancers as well as regulatory mechanisms and clinical applications of DNMTs in cancer and highlights several forthcoming strategies for targeting DNMTs.

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Section: Potential Clinical Significance Of Dnmts In Inflammation And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging role of different DNA methyltransferases in the pathogenesis of cancer

et al. 2022

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“…DNMT inhibitors, such as 5-azacytidine and decitabine, exert their demethylation activity [ 113 ]. Decitabine inhibits the expression of human hyaluronidase family PH20 by activating the lncRNA PAS1, leading to the regression on breast cancer growth and metastasis [ 114 ].…”

Section: Targeting Cell Death Pathways For Cancer Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic regulation of diverse cell death modalities in cancer: a focus on pyroptosis, ferroptosis, cuproptosis, and disulfidptosis

Zhou,

Liu,

Wan

et al. 2024

J Hematol Oncol

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Tumor is a local tissue hyperplasia resulted from cancerous transformation of normal cells under the action of various physical, chemical and biological factors. The exploration of tumorigenesis mechanism is crucial for early prevention and treatment of tumors. Epigenetic modification is a common and important modification in cells, including DNA methylation, histone modification, non-coding RNA modification and m6A modification. The normal mode of cell death is programmed by cell death-related genes; however, recent researches have revealed some new modes of cell death, including pyroptosis, ferroptosis, cuproptosis and disulfidptosis. Epigenetic regulation of various cell deaths is mainly involved in the regulation of key cell death proteins and affects cell death by up-regulating or down-regulating the expression levels of key proteins. This study aims to investigate the mechanism of epigenetic modifications regulating pyroptosis, ferroptosis, cuproptosis and disulfidptosis of tumor cells, explore possible triggering factors in tumor development from a microscopic point of view, and provide potential targets for tumor therapy and new perspective for the development of antitumor drugs or combination therapies.

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“…Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are known to be responsible for the global silencing of tumor-suppressor genes. 243 , 244 , 245 , 246 , 247 , 248 , 249 Overexpression of HDACs was shown to be linked to several cancer types, and their selective inhibition results in potentiated anticancer effects. 249 Treatment with histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis) can reverse this process and restore normal cell function.…”

Section: Applications Of Carboranes As Anticancer Ligandsmentioning

confidence: 99%