Epigenetic susceptibility factors for prostate cancer with aging

Damaschke, Nathan; Yang, Bing; Bhusari, Sachin; Svaren, John; Jarrard, David F.

doi:10.1002/pros.22716

Cited by 44 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(106 reference statements)

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“…[15][16][17] The present work used animals at 2 different ages to test the tumor cell growth. It has been shown that 840-day-old rats show a smaller tumor growth than rats grafted at 140 d old or at 100 d old.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early treatment with metformin induces resistance against tumor growth in adult rats

Trombini

Franco

Miranda

et al. 2015

Cancer Biology & Therapy

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These authors contributed equally to this work.Keywords: adolescence, antidiabetic, early treatment, metformin, prevention, tumor growth inhibition, Walker 256 tumor Abbreviations: AUC, area under the curve; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance; HOMA-b, homeostasis model assessment of b-cell function; LBW, body weight loss; MHC-I, major histocompatibility complex class I; NAL, nasal anal length; VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor.It is known that antidiabetic drug metformin, which is used worldwide, has anti-cancer effects and can be used to prevent cancer growth. We tested the hypothesis that tumor cell growth can be inhibited by early treatment with metformin. For this purpose, adult rats chronically treated with metformin in adolescence or in adulthood were inoculated with Walker 256 carcinoma cells. Adult rats that were treated with metformin during adolescence presented inhibition of tumor growth, and animals that were treated during adult life did not demonstrate any changes in tumor growth. Although we do not have data to disclose a molecular mechanism to the preventive metformin effect, we present, for the first time, results showing that cancer growth in adult life is dependent on early life intervention, thus supporting a new therapeutic prevention for cancer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early treatment with metformin induces resistance against tumor growth in adult rats

Trombini

Franco

Miranda

et al. 2015

Cancer Biology & Therapy

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“…The differentiation of PCa tumors is typically based on the serum expression levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), although, in certain cases, PSA levels do not accurately reflect tumor burden (8). Previous studies have identified a number of genetic, epigenetic and environmental risk factors for PCa (9)(10)(11). Among them, genetic aberrations and chromosomal changes have been suggested to serve a significant role in the development and progression of PCa (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HER2 gene amplification in patients with prostate cancer: Evaluating a CISH-based method

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most widespread malignancies in the world. The role of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in the pathogenesis and progression of human PCa remains poorly understood. In contradiction with breast cancer, studies on HER2 overexpression and gene amplification in PCa have produced varying results, although the HER2 oncogene has been implicated in the biology of numerous tumor types, and serves as a prognostic marker and therapeutic target in breast cancer. Technical challenges are considered the main reasons for data discrepancies. Amplification of the HER2 gene has previously been reported in PCa, in which it was associated with tumor progression. The present study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and clinical significance of HER2 amplification in PCa. A total of 32 biopsy samples obtained from human prostate adenocarcinomas were evaluated by chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) to determine the frequency of patients with HER2 gene amplifications. High copy numbers of HER2 were detected in 19 of the prostate tumors analyzed. The results of the present study suggested that, in patients without amplification of HER2, high levels of prostate-specific antigen or a high Gleason score were not significantly correlated with a high pathologic stage. Furthermore, amplification levels of the HER2 gene were directly associated with pathologic stage in patients with PCa. Therefore, the potential use of HER2 as a prognostic factor or therapeutic target for PCa warrants further study. IntroductionProstate cancer (PCa), a common non-skin, sex-limited cancer, is the second cause of cancer-associated mortality (after lung cancer) in the USA (1,2) and the second most prevalent cancer among Iranian men (3). Worldwide, PCa is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer and, according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer's GLOBOCAN 2012 (4) database, it is the fifth leading cause of cancer-associated mortality in men. The incidence of PCa is increasing worldwide, although there is a marked variation in its incidence among different regions (5). The clinical configuration of PCa has noticeably altered over the past few years. As a localized disease, it is easily treated by radical radiation therapy or a prostatectomy; however, if the tumor becomes malignant, it transforms into a life-threatening disease (6).The progression and application of novel high-resolution technologies has enhanced the detection of genomic alterations, enabling elucidation of the complex nature and heterogeneity of PCa (7). The differentiation of PCa tumors is typically based on the serum expression levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA), although, in certain cases, PSA levels do not accurately reflect tumor burden (8). Previous studies have identified a number of genetic, epigenetic and environmental risk factors for PCa (9-11). Among them, genetic aberrations and chromosomal changes have been suggested to serve a significant role in the development and progression of PCa (12)

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“…Colon cancer carcinogenesis has been reported to be associated with genetic errors in genes involved in apoptosis and cell proliferation (Davies et al, 2005;Watson, 2006;Damaschke et al, 2013;Bharati et al, 2014). Genetic defects triggering aberrant activation of Wnt/ -catenin signalling are common and are reported in over 90% of sporadic cases of colon cancer (Miyaki et al, 1994;Clevers, 2006;Klaus and Birchmeier, 2008;Schon et al, 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

Ellagic acid regulates Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and CDK8 in HCT 116 and HT 29 colon cancer cells

Yang

Zhou

Xia

et al. 2015

Bangladesh J Pharmacol

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Research ArticleEllagic acid regulates Wnt/ Ellagic acid regulates Wnt/ Ellagic acid regulates Wnt/β β β---catenin catenin catenin signaling pathway and CDK8 in HCT signaling pathway and CDK8 in HCT signaling pathway and CDK8 in HCT 116 and HT 29 colon cancer cells 116 and HT 29 colon cancer cells 116 and HT 29 colon cancer cells BJP IntroductionColorectal cancer is the second most frequent malignancy and the second leading cause of death due to cancer globally (Walker et al., 2014). Colon cancer carcinogenesis has been reported to be associated with genetic errors in genes involved in apoptosis and cell proliferation (Davies et al., 2005;Watson, 2006;Damaschke et al., 2013;Bharati et al., 2014). Genetic defects triggering aberrant activation of Wnt/ -catenin signalling are common and are reported in over 90% of sporadic cases of colon cancer (Miyaki et al., 1994;Clevers, 2006;Klaus and Birchmeier, 2008;Schon et al., 2014). The key effecttor of Wnt/ -catenin signaling pathway is -catenin that upon activation of Wnt signal, translocates into the nuclear region forming a ternary complex with transcription factors-TCF/Lef (T-cell factor, lymphoid enhancer factor) and activates genes involved in cell pro- Studies have demonstrated that phytochemicals are effective in modulating Wnt/ -catenin signalling pathway (Zhang, et al., 2013;Kim et al., 2014). Ellagic acid, a dimeric derivative of gallic acid occurs naturally in fruits as-strawberry, raspberry, pomegranate, grapes and blackberries and in nuts (Thresiamma and Kuttan, 1996;Talcott and Lee, 2002;Mullen et al., 2003). Anti-

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Epigenetic susceptibility factors for prostate cancer with aging

Cited by 44 publications

References 78 publications

Early treatment with metformin induces resistance against tumor growth in adult rats

Early treatment with metformin induces resistance against tumor growth in adult rats

HER2 gene amplification in patients with prostate cancer: Evaluating a CISH-based method

Ellagic acid regulates Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and CDK8 in HCT 116 and HT 29 colon cancer cells

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