Epigenetic Signatures as Biomarkers of Exposure

Ladd‐Acosta, Christine

doi:10.1007/s40572-015-0051-2

Cited by 83 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…It has a critical role in development [12] and due to its stability and ease of measurement is widely investigated both to understand mechanisms driving disease states, as well as for its potential to be used as a biomarker for numerous health and disease outcomes [13,14,15,16,17,18]. DNA methylation marks have been associated with diseases such as cancer, and therefore show promise for use as independent biomarkers.…”

Section: Epigeneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cord Blood DNA Methylation Biomarkers for Predicting Neurodevelopmental Outcomes

Hodyl

Roberts

Bianco‐Miotto

2016

Genes

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Adverse environmental exposures in pregnancy can significantly alter the development of the fetus resulting in impaired child neurodevelopment. Such exposures can lead to epigenetic alterations like DNA methylation, which may be a marker of poor cognitive, motor and behavioral outcomes in the infant. Here we review studies that have assessed DNA methylation in cord blood following maternal exposures that may impact neurodevelopment of the child. We also highlight some key studies to illustrate the potential for DNA methylation to successfully identify infants at risk for poor outcomes. While the current evidence is limited, in that observations to date are largely correlational, in time and with larger cohorts analyzed and longer term follow-up completed, we may be able to develop epigenetic biomarkers that not only indicate adverse early life exposures but can also be used to identify individuals likely to be at an increased risk of impaired neurodevelopment even in the absence of detailed information regarding prenatal environment.

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Section: Epigeneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cord Blood DNA Methylation Biomarkers for Predicting Neurodevelopmental Outcomes

Hodyl

Roberts

Bianco‐Miotto

2016

Genes

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“…One promising avenue is to establish DNAm as a biomarker for mental illness. For biomarkers to be useful, they must be cost-effective, drawn from accessible tissue and predictive of future risk [22]. One advantage of a biomarker is that it does not have to be mechanistic (i.e., CNS surrogate) (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One advantage of a biomarker is that it does not have to be mechanistic (i.e., CNS surrogate) (Fig. 1, group B; see also Ladd-Acosta [22]). Indeed, blood-based biomarkers have been used for diagnostics, predictive risk, disease monitoring and/or treatment response in cancer, cardiovascular and infectious disease [23, 24].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetics, Early Adversity and Child and Adolescent Mental Health

Barker¹

2018

Psychopathology

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Epigenetic modification, such as DNA methylation (DNAm), is a mechanism that can help explain how early adversities can engender long-term vulnerability for mental health problems. At present, there is preliminary evidence to support the possibility of epigenetic mediation: environmental factors are reported to influence offspring DNAm, which in turn associate with child and adolescent psychopathology. However, all analyses have been correlational in nature and, as these studies have focussed on children and adolescents, DNAm has been based on peripheral tissue (cord blood, whole blood, buccal cells). Therefore, the extent to which DNAm could represent a causal mechanism (e.g., a surrogate of central nervous system function) or a biomarker (i.e., an indicator of the pathological process leading to disease) is unclear. This short report has 2 main components. First, 2 studies are summarized, one a candidate gene study and the other an epigenome-wide association study in which DNAm was reported to (partially) mediate the link between adversity and child development. Second, there is a discussion of (1) the “tissue issue,” (2) maximizing the interpretability of candidate gene and epigenome-wide approaches, and (3) the need for examining DNAm as a potential biomarker for mental health. It is argued that advances within these 3 areas will make clearer the role of DNAm in the link between adversity and child and adolescent mental health.

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“…More typical biomarkers are being explored that could be used to indicate past exposures to these environmental factors, such as blood DNA methylation patterns that have emerged as an indicator of smoking history. 161 However, this exemplar may not necessarily be salient as a biomarker for ASD. Instead, as this literature evolves, it will be important to include potential environmental causes in the ASD biomarker development process—that is, include environmental factors in outcome-based clustering of patient populations or analyses of genetic contributors.…”

Section: Environmental Exposures As a Potential Biologically Salient mentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotyping, Etiological Factors, and Biomarkers: Toward Precision Medicine in Autism Spectrum Disorders

Beversdorf

2016

J Dev Behav Pediatr

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ABSTRACT:Despite the progress made in understanding the biology of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), effective biological interventions for the core symptoms remain elusive. Because of the etiological heterogeneity of ASD, identification of a “one-size-fits-all” treatment approach will likely continue to be challenging. A meeting was convened at the University of Missouri and the Thompson Center to discuss strategies for stratifying patients with ASD for the purpose of moving toward precision medicine. The “white paper” presented here articulates the challenges involved and provides suggestions for future solutions.

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Epigenetic Signatures as Biomarkers of Exposure

Cited by 83 publications

References 70 publications

Cord Blood DNA Methylation Biomarkers for Predicting Neurodevelopmental Outcomes

Cord Blood DNA Methylation Biomarkers for Predicting Neurodevelopmental Outcomes

Epigenetics, Early Adversity and Child and Adolescent Mental Health

Phenotyping, Etiological Factors, and Biomarkers: Toward Precision Medicine in Autism Spectrum Disorders

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