Epigenetic regulation of matrix metalloproteinases in inflammatory diseases: a narrative review

He, Jie; Qin, Man; Chen, Yingyi; Hu, Ziqi; Xie, Fei; Ye, Ling; Hui, Tianqian

doi:10.1186/s13578-020-00451-x

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Inflammation is a hallmark of many chronic and autoimmune diseases, including cancer, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), psoriasis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), among others. MMPs and TIMPs play key roles in the self-regulation of inflammation in these diseases [ 399 , 400 ] ( Figure 4 ). OA is the most prevalent arthritic disease affecting the joints.…”

Section: Mmps and Timps In Human Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Roles of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Inhibitors in Human Diseases

Cabral-Pacheco

Garza‐Veloz

Rosa

et al. 2020

IJMS

820

590

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Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc-dependent extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling endopeptidases that have the capacity to degrade almost every component of the ECM. The degradation of the ECM is of great importance, since it is related to embryonic development and angiogenesis. It is also involved in cell repair and the remodeling of tissues. When the expression of MMPs is altered, it can generate the abnormal degradation of the ECM. This is the initial cause of the development of chronic degenerative diseases and vascular complications generated by diabetes. In addition, this process has an association with neurodegeneration and cancer progression. Within the ECM, the tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs) inhibit the proteolytic activity of MMPs. TIMPs are important regulators of ECM turnover, tissue remodeling, and cellular behavior. Therefore, TIMPs (similar to MMPs) modulate angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. An interruption in the balance between MMPs and TIMPs has been implicated in the pathophysiology and progression of several diseases. This review focuses on the participation of both MMPs (e.g., MMP-2 and MMP-9) and TIMPs (e.g., TIMP-1 and TIMP-3) in physiological processes and on how their abnormal regulation is associated with human diseases. The inclusion of current strategies and mechanisms of MMP inhibition in the development of new therapies targeting MMPs was also considered.

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Section: Mmps and Timps In Human Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Roles of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Inhibitors in Human Diseases

Cabral-Pacheco

Garza‐Veloz

Rosa

et al. 2020

IJMS

820

590

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“…MMPs are zinc-dependent proteases with endopeptidase activity, which can degrade ECM, contributing to the inflammation pathogenesis [49]. MMPs play an important role in physiological and pathological conditions, such as pulpal and periapical tissue destruction caused by inflammation, and wound healing [11,49]. These enzymes can be upregulated in different pathologies, such as inflammation [11,49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MMPs play an important role in physiological and pathological conditions, such as pulpal and periapical tissue destruction caused by inflammation, and wound healing [11,49]. These enzymes can be upregulated in different pathologies, such as inflammation [11,49]. MMP-7, or matrilysin, has the ability to cleave entactin, a basement membrane protein, which links laminin and collagen type IV, triggering the basement membrane disruption [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Mapping of the Inflamed Human Dental Pulp

et al. 2021

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Dental pulp inflammation, caused by the evolution of caries, involves numerous interrelated activities at a cellular and molecular level. Cytokines, proteases, growth factors, and other biomarkers of the host response may take part in dental pulp’s immune defense. The aim of this pilot study was to determine the levels of inflammation, oxidative stress, and extracellular matrix degradation biomarkers in healthy and symptomatic irreversibly inflamed dental pulp samples from children and adolescents. Twenty-three dental pulp samples were collected from permanent teeth with irreversible inflammation, while nineteen healthy dental pulp samples were obtained from teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons. Pulp lysates were obtained and the levels of IL-2, IL-17, TNF-α, SOD3, TGF-β1, catalase, osteocalcin, MMP-7, and MMP-9 were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. We detected significantly higher levels (p < 0.001) of IL-2, IL-17, TNF-α, SOD3, osteocalcin, and TGF-β1 in pulp samples with irreversible inflammation than in controls. Catalase and MMP-7 showed higher levels in the experimental group, while MMP-9 showed slightly increased levels in the control group, but none of these differences were statistically significant (p = 0.064/p = 0.061/p = 0.625). Inflamed dental pulp samples showed an up-regulation of IL-2, IL-17, TNF-α, SOD3, osteocalcin, and TGF-β1. These biomarkers appear to have a powerful role in the inflammation process of human dental pulp.

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“…The expression of MMPs, apart from polymorphisms, in the promoter of MMP gene [ 23 ], is also regulated by epigenetic modifications at the level of transcription [ 24 , 25 ]. The promoters of at least 14 MMPs and those of all TIMPs contain CpG islands prone to methylation.…”

Section: Regulation Of Mmp Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Matrix Metalloproteinases in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Christopoulou

Papakonstantinou

Stolz

2023

IJMS

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Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are proteolytic enzymes that degrade proteins of the extracellular matrix and the basement membrane. Thus, these enzymes regulate airway remodeling, which is a major pathological feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Furthermore, proteolytic destruction in the lungs may lead to loss of elastin and the development of emphysema, which is associated with poor lung function in COPD patients. In this literature review, we describe and appraise evidence from the recent literature regarding the role of different MMPs in COPD, as well as how their activity is regulated by specific tissue inhibitors. Considering the importance of MMPs in COPD pathogenesis, we also discuss MMPs as potential targets for therapeutic intervention in COPD and present evidence from recent clinical trials in this regard.

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Epigenetic regulation of matrix metalloproteinases in inflammatory diseases: a narrative review

Cited by 17 publications

References 87 publications

The Roles of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Inhibitors in Human Diseases

The Roles of Matrix Metalloproteinases and Their Inhibitors in Human Diseases

Biochemical Mapping of the Inflamed Human Dental Pulp

Matrix Metalloproteinases in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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