Epigenetic regulation of human buccal mucosa mitochondrial superoxide dismutase gene expression by diet

Roman, Thaler; Karlic, Heidrun; Rust, Petra; Haslberger, Alexander G.

doi:10.1017/s0007114508047685

Cited by 36 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…Alteration of the epigenome by nutritional habits or specific food compounds is associated with promoting or repressing specific gene expression and pathologic conditions (52)(53)(54)(55). SFN has previously been shown to inhibit histone deacetylase activity (18,45,56).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anabolic and Antiresorptive Modulation of Bone Homeostasis by the Epigenetic Modulator Sulforaphane, a Naturally Occurring Isothiocyanate

Thaler

Maurizi

Roschger

et al. 2016

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Bone degenerative pathologies like osteoporosis may be initiated by age-related shifts in anabolic and catabolic responses that control bone homeostasis. Here we show that sulforaphane (SFN), a naturally occurring isothiocyanate, promotes osteoblast differentiation by epigenetic mechanisms. SFN enhances active DNA demethylation via Tet1 and Tet2 and promotes preosteoblast differentiation by enhancing extracellular matrix mineralization and the expression of osteoblastic markers (Runx2, Col1a1, Bglap2, Sp7, Atf4, and Alpl). SFN decreases the expression of the osteoclast activator receptor activator of nuclear factor-B ligand (RANKL) in osteocytes and mouse calvarial explants and preferentially induces apoptosis in preosteoclastic cells via up-regulation of the Tet1/Fas/Caspase 8 and Caspase 3/7 pathway. These mechanistic effects correlate with higher bone volume (ϳ20%) in both normal and ovariectomized mice treated with SFN for 5 weeks compared with untreated mice as determined by microcomputed tomography. This effect is due to a higher trabecular number in these mice. Importantly, no shifts in mineral density distribution are observed upon SFN treatment as measured by quantitative backscattered electron imaging. Our data indicate that the food-derived compound SFN epigenetically stimulates osteoblast activity and diminishes osteoclast bone resorption, shifting the balance of bone homeostasis and favoring bone acquisition and/or mitigation of bone resorption in vivo. Thus, SFN is a member of a new class of epigenetic compounds that could be considered for novel strategies to counteract osteoporosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anabolic and Antiresorptive Modulation of Bone Homeostasis by the Epigenetic Modulator Sulforaphane, a Naturally Occurring Isothiocyanate

Thaler

Maurizi

Roschger

et al. 2016

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…A threefold increase in the expression of the human manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) gene has been associated with a decreased CpG methylation comparing a vegetarian with an omnivore group (46). Other dietary factors such as fatty acids are likely to participate in epigenetic regulation by DNA methylation (47).…”

Section: Dietary Factors and Epigenetic Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individuality and epigenetics in obesity

Campión¹,

Milagro²,

2009

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SummaryExcessive weight gain arises from the interactions among environmental factors, genetic predisposition and the individual behavior. However, it is becoming evident that interindividual differences in obesity susceptibility depend also on epigenetic factors. Epigenetics studies the heritable changes in gene expression that do not involve changes to the underlying DNA sequence. These processes include DNA methylation, covalent histone modifications, chromatin folding and, more recently described, the regulatory action of miRNAs and polycomb group complexes. In this review, we focus on experimental evidences concerning dietary factors influencing obesity development by epigenetic mechanisms, reporting treatment doses and durations. Moreover, we present a bioinformatic analysis of promoter regions for the search of future epigenetic biomarkers of obesity, including methylation pattern analyses of several obesity-related genes (epiobesigenes), such as FGF2, PTEN, CDKN1A and ESR1, implicated in adipogenesis, SOCS1/ SOCS3, in inflammation, and COX7A1 LPL, CAV1, and IGFBP3, in intermediate metabolism and insulin signalling. The identification of those individuals that at an early age could present changes in the methylation profiles of specific genes could help to predict their susceptibility to later develop obesity, which may allow to prevent and follow-up its progress, as well as to research and develop newer therapeutic approaches.

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“…Thus, changes in the DNA methylation pattern as a result of dietary treatments or conditions have been studied in the last years, comparing vegetarians with omnivores [39], the effects of different obesogenic diets [26,31] or different dietary treatments to lose weight [7]. Interventional studies are showing that the DNA methylation profile previous to the treatment might be able to predict the response to the low calorie diet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptin and TNF-alpha promoter methylation levels measured by MSP could predict the response to a low-calorie diet

et al. 2011

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Obesity-associated adipose tissue enlargement is characterized by an enhanced proinflammatory status and an elevated secretion of adipokines such as leptin and cytokines such as TNF-alpha. Among the different mechanisms that could underlie the interindividual differences in obesity, epigenetic regulation of gene expression has emerged as a potentially important determinant. Therefore, twenty-seven obese women (age: 32-50 years; baseline Body Mass Index, BMI: 34.4±4.2 Kg/m 2 ) were prescribed an eightweek Low-Calorie-Diet and epigenetic marks were assessed. Baseline and endpoint anthropometric parameters were measured and blood samples were drawn. Genomic DNA and RNA from adipose tissue biopsies were isolated before and after the dietary intervention. Leptin and TNF-alpha promoter methylation were measured by MSP after bisulfite treatment and gene expression was also analyzed.Obese women with a successful weight loss (≥5% of initial body weight, n=21) improved the lipid profile and fat mass percentage (-12%, p<0.05). Both systolic (-5%, p<0.05) and diastolic (-8%, p<0.01) blood pressures significantly decreased. At baseline women with better response to the dietary intervention showed lower promoter methylation levels of leptin (-47%, p<0.05) and TNF-alpha (-39%, p=0.071) than the non-responder group (n=6), while no differences were found between responder and non-responder group in leptin and TNF-alpha gene expression analysis. These data suggest that leptin and TNF-alpha methylation levels could be used as epigenetic biomarkers concerning the response to a Low-CalorieDiet. Indeed, methylation profile could help to predict the susceptibility to weight loss as well as some comorbidities such as hypertension or type 2 diabetes.

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Epigenetic regulation of human buccal mucosa mitochondrial superoxide dismutase gene expression by diet

Cited by 36 publications

References 48 publications

Anabolic and Antiresorptive Modulation of Bone Homeostasis by the Epigenetic Modulator Sulforaphane, a Naturally Occurring Isothiocyanate

Anabolic and Antiresorptive Modulation of Bone Homeostasis by the Epigenetic Modulator Sulforaphane, a Naturally Occurring Isothiocyanate

Individuality and epigenetics in obesity

Leptin and TNF-alpha promoter methylation levels measured by MSP could predict the response to a low-calorie diet

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