Epigenetic Modulation of Mood Disorders

Archer, Trevor; Blum, Kenneth; Ms, Gold

doi:10.4172/2157-7412.1000120

Cited by 22 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 223 publications

(213 reference statements)

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“…This result also replicates findings among Swedish pupils where self-fulfilling, high and low affective participants showed higher level of life satisfaction compared with self-destructives (e.g., Garcia & Archer, 2012). As suggested by Lindahl & Archer (2013; see also Archer & Kostrzewa, 2013; Archer et al, 2013), positive affect might serve as an anti-depressive factor and, as suggested here, also as a protective factor for happiness and life satisfaction.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

The affective profiles in the USA: happiness, depression, life satisfaction, and happiness-increasing strategies

Schütz

Sailer

Nima

et al. 2013

PeerJ

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Background. The affective profiles model categorizes individuals as self-fulfilling (high positive affect, low negative affect), high affective (high positive affect, high negative affect), low affective (low positive affect, low negative affect), and self-destructive (low positive affect, high negative affect). The model has been used extensively among Swedes to discern differences between profiles regarding happiness, depression, and also life satisfaction. The aim of the present study was to investigate such differences in a sample of residents of the USA. The study also investigated differences between profiles with regard to happiness-increasing strategies.Methods. In Study I, 900 participants reported affect (Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule; PANAS) and happiness (Happiness-Depression Scale). In Study II, 500 participants self-reported affect (PANAS), life satisfaction (Satisfaction With Life Scale), and how often they used specific strategies to increase their own happiness (Happiness-Increasing Strategies Scales).Results. The results showed that, compared to the other profiles, self-fulfilling individuals were less depressed, happier, and more satisfied with their lives. Nevertheless, self-destructive individuals were more depressed, unhappier, and less satisfied than all other profiles. The self-fulfilling individuals tended to use strategies related to agentic (e.g., instrumental goal-pursuit), communal (e.g., social affiliation), and spiritual (e.g., religion) values when pursuing happiness.Conclusion. These differences suggest that promoting positive emotions can positively influence a depressive-to-happy state as well as increasing life satisfaction. Moreover, the present study shows that pursuing happiness through strategies guided by agency, communion, and spirituality is related to a self-fulfilling experience described as high positive affect and low negative affect.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

The affective profiles in the USA: happiness, depression, life satisfaction, and happiness-increasing strategies

Schütz

Sailer

Nima

et al. 2013

PeerJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This result also replicates findings among Swedish pupils where self-fulfilling, high and low affective participants showed higher level of life satisfaction compared with self-destructives (e.g., . As suggested by Lindahl and Archer (2013;see also Archer & Kostrzewa, 2013;Archer, Oscar-Berman, Blum & Gold, 2013), positive affect might serve as an anti-depressive factor and, as suggested here, also as protective factor for happiness and life satisfaction.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 69%

Peer Review #2 of "The affective profiles in the USA: happiness, depression, life satisfaction, and happiness-increasing strategies (v0.1)"

Johansson¹

2013

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Background. The affective profile model categorizes individuals as self-fulfilling (high positive affect, low negative affect), high affective (high positive affect, high negative affect), low affective (low positive affect, low negative affect), and self-destructive (low positive affect, high negative affect). The model has been used extensively among Swedes to discern differences between profiles regarding happiness, depression, and also life satisfaction. The aim of the present study was to investigate such differences in a sample of residents of the USA. The study also investigated differences between profiles with regard to happiness-increasing strategies. Methods. In Study I, 900 participants reported affect (Positive Affect Negative Affect Schedule; PANAS) and happiness (Happiness-Depression Scale). In Study II, 500 participants self-reported affect (PANAS), life satisfaction (Satisfaction With Life Scale), and how often they used specific strategies to increase their own happiness (Happiness-Increasing Strategies Scales). Results. The results showed that, compared to the other profiles, self-fulfilling individuals were less depressed, happier, and more satisfied with their lives. Nevertheless, self-destructive were more depressed, unhappier, and less satisfied that all other profiles. The self-fulfilling individuals tended to use strategies related to agentic (e.g., instrumental goal-pursuit), communal (e.g., social affiliation), and spiritual (e.g., religion) values when pursuing happiness. Conclusion. These differences suggest that promoting positive emotions can positively influence a depressive-to-happy state as well as increasing life satisfaction. Moreover, the present study shows that pursuing happiness through strategies guided by agency, communion, and spirituality is related to a self-fulfilling experience described as high positive affect and low negative affect.

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“…Moreover, these adaptations occur at the cellular, molecular, or epigenetic level and are associated with synaptic plasticity and modified gene expression. These effects on gene expression can occur via factors influencing translation (epigenetics) and transcription (non-coding micro RNAs) of the DNA or even RNA itself [ 68 – 70 ].…”

Section: Addiction Epigeneticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Molecular Neurobiology of Twelve Steps Program & Fellowship: Connecting the Dots for Recovery

Blum¹,

Thompson

Demotrovics

et al. 2015

J Reward Defic Syndr

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There are some who suggest that alcoholism and drug abuse are not diseases at all and that they are not consequences of a brain disorder as espoused recently by the American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM). Some would argue that addicts can quit on their own and moderate their alcohol and drug intake. When they present to a treatment program or enter the 12 Step Program & Fellowship, many addicts finally achieve complete abstinence. However, when controlled drinking fails, there may be successful alternatives that fit particular groups of individuals. In this expert opinion, we attempt to identify personal differences in recovery, by clarifying the molecular neurobiological basis of each step of the 12 Step Program. We explore the impact that the molecular neurobiological basis of the 12 steps can have on Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS) despite addiction risk gene polymorphisms. This exploration has already been accomplished in part by Blum and others in a 2013 Springer Neuroscience Brief. The purpose of this expert opinion is to briefly, outline the molecular neurobiological and genetic links, especially as they relate to the role of epigenetic changes that are possible in individuals who regularly attend AA meetings. It begs the question as to whether “12 steps programs and fellowship” does induce neuroplasticity and continued dopamine D2 receptor proliferation despite carrying hypodopaminergic type polymorphisms such as DRD2 A1 allele. “Like-minded” doctors of ASAM are cognizant that patients in treatment without the “psycho-social-spiritual trio,” may not be obtaining the important benefits afforded by adopting 12-step doctrines. Are we better off with coupling medical assisted treatment (MAT) that favors combining dopamine agonist modalities (DAM) as possible histone-deacetylase activators with the 12 steps followed by a program that embraces either one or the other? While there are many unanswered questions, at least we have reached a time when “science meets recovery,” and in doing so, can further redeem joy in recovery.

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Epigenetic Modulation of Mood Disorders

Cited by 22 publications

References 223 publications

The affective profiles in the USA: happiness, depression, life satisfaction, and happiness-increasing strategies

The affective profiles in the USA: happiness, depression, life satisfaction, and happiness-increasing strategies

Peer Review #2 of "The affective profiles in the USA: happiness, depression, life satisfaction, and happiness-increasing strategies (v0.1)"

The Molecular Neurobiology of Twelve Steps Program & Fellowship: Connecting the Dots for Recovery

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