Epigenetic modifications and obsessive–compulsive disorder: what do we know?

Mohammadi, Amir H.; Karimian, Mohammad; Mirzaei, Hamed; Milajerdi, Alireza

doi:10.1007/s00429-023-02649-4

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 71 publications

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“…Efforts have been made to develop treatment strategies targeting these mechanisms. Studies comparing DNA methylation patterns in OCD patients and control groups have revealed distinct methylation profiles in the promoter regions of genes such as MAOA, GABA, MOG, BDNF, LEPR, OXTR, SLC6A4, and SLC6A3 [190]. In a recent study, a statistically significant correlation was observed between certain obsessions/compulsions and polymorphisms in HDAC2, HDAC3, and HDAC4 in an OCD group (p < 0.05) [191].…”

Section: Dysbiosis and The Genetic Basis Of Ocdmentioning

confidence: 96%

Microbial Reprogramming in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorders: A Review of Gut–Brain Communication and Emerging Evidence

Bendriss

MacDonald

McVeigh

2023

IJMS

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Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is a debilitating mental health disorder characterized by intrusive thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions). Dysbiosis, an imbalance in the gut microbial composition, has been associated with various health conditions, including mental health disorders, autism, and inflammatory diseases. While the exact mechanisms underlying OCD remain unclear, this review presents a growing body of evidence suggesting a potential link between dysbiosis and the multifaceted etiology of OCD, interacting with genetic, neurobiological, immunological, and environmental factors. This review highlights the emerging evidence implicating the gut microbiota in the pathophysiology of OCD and its potential as a target for novel therapeutic approaches. We propose a model that positions dysbiosis as the central unifying element in the neurochemical, immunological, genetic, and environmental factors leading to OCD. The potential and challenges of microbial reprogramming strategies, such as probiotics and fecal transplants in OCD therapeutics, are discussed. This review raises awareness of the importance of adopting a holistic approach that considers the interplay between the gut and the brain to develop interventions that account for the multifaceted nature of OCD and contribute to the advancement of more personalized approaches.

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Section: Dysbiosis and The Genetic Basis Of Ocdmentioning

confidence: 96%

Microbial Reprogramming in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorders: A Review of Gut–Brain Communication and Emerging Evidence

Bendriss

MacDonald

McVeigh

2023

IJMS

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The Oxidative Status and Na+/K+-ATPase Activity in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Case Control Study

Mohammadi,

Balandeh,

Hasani

et al. 2024

BioMed Research International

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Background. Oxidative stress is involved in pathogenesis of some psychiatric disorders. To examine the role of oxidative stress in the etiopathogenesis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), we aimed to determine oxidative stress indices, including malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in serum and red blood cells (RBC) membrane, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), serum glutathione (GSH) levels, serum antioxidant vitamins (A and E), and Na+/K+-ATPase activity, in patients with the mentioned disorder vs. healthy controls. Method. 39 OCD patients diagnosed based on Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V) and 39 volunteer healthy subjects were included in this study. MDA levels in serum and RBC membrane were measured using fluorometric method. Serum TAC level, serum GSH level, and Na+/K+-ATPase activity were also measured using spectrophotometric methods. Serum levels of vitamins were calculated by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Result. There was a significantly higher MDA level in serum (p<0.0001) and RBC membrane (p=0.002) of OCD patients compared with those in controls. A significant reduction in vitamin A (p=0.001) and vitamin E (p=0.024) levels was found in OCD patients vs. controls. There was significantly lower activity of erythrocyte membrane Na+/K+-ATPase in RBC membrane of OCD patients vs. controls (p<0.0001). Conclusion. Our findings indicate significantly higher levels MDA in both serum and RBC membrane, lower levels of serum vitamins A and E, and lower activity of membrane Na+/K+-ATPase in OCD patients compared to controls. These suggest an imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant factors in OCD patients that might play a fundamental role in the etiopathogenesis of OCD.

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Microbial Reprogramming: A Promising Approach for the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders

Bendriss¹,

MacDonald²,

McVeigh³

2023

Preprint

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This review examines the evidence supporting the role of dysbiosis in the development of obses-sive-compulsive disorders (OCD). We review the molecular mechanisms and role of the microbiota in the microbiota-gut-brain axis, focusing on the endocrine, nervous, and immune pathways. We then propose a model that positions dysbiosis as the central unifying element in the neurochemi-cal, immunological, genetic, and environmental factors leading to OCD. Based on this, we review the animal and human clinical evidence for the use of microbial reprogramming strategies such as probiotic or fecal microbiota transplants to treat OCD. Finally, we discuss the unique challenges that must be addressed in future clinical interventions.

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Epigenetic modifications and obsessive–compulsive disorder: what do we know?

Cited by 4 publications

References 71 publications

Microbial Reprogramming in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorders: A Review of Gut–Brain Communication and Emerging Evidence

Microbial Reprogramming in Obsessive–Compulsive Disorders: A Review of Gut–Brain Communication and Emerging Evidence

The Oxidative Status and Na+/K+-ATPase Activity in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Case Control Study

Microbial Reprogramming: A Promising Approach for the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorders

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