Epigenetic mechanisms in multiple sclerosis: implications for pathogenesis and treatment

Huynh, Jimmy; Casaccia, Patrizia

doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(12)70309-5

Cited by 122 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 159 publications

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“…Recent studies highlight the importance of epigenetic regulation during PNS myelination (Pereira et al 2012), similar to its essential role in the CNS (Huynh and Casaccia 2013). Epigenetic modifications that regulate gene expression include DNA methylation, posttranslational modifications of nucleosomal histones (e.g., acetylation, methylation, citrullination, etc.…”

Section: Transcriptional and Epigenetic Regulation Of The Myelin Phenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Epigenetic modifications that regulate gene expression include DNA methylation, posttranslational modifications of nucleosomal histones (e.g., acetylation, methylation, citrullination, etc. ), and expression of noncoding RNAs, notably microRNAs (miRNAs) (Huynh and Casaccia 2013). In the case of Schwann cells, several epigenetic modifiers work in concert with Sox10, including the Brahma-associated factor (BAF) complex, a chromatin-remodeling complex that regulates access to DNA (Weider et al 2013).…”

Section: Transcriptional and Epigenetic Regulation Of The Myelin Phenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Schwann Cell Myelination

Salzer

2015

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol

283

287

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Myelinated nerve fibers are essential for the rapid propagation of action potentials by saltatory conduction. They form as the result of reciprocal interactions between axons and Schwann cells. Extrinsic signals from the axon, and the extracellular matrix, drive Schwann cells to adopt a myelinating fate, whereas myelination reorganizes the axon for its role in conduction and is essential for its integrity. Here, we review our current understanding of the development, molecular organization, and function of myelinating Schwann cells. Recent findings into the extrinsic signals that drive Schwann cell myelination, their cognate receptors, and the downstream intracellular signaling pathways they activate will be described. Together, these studies provide important new insights into how these pathways converge to activate the transcriptional cascade of myelination and remodel the actin cytoskeleton that is critical for morphogenesis of the myelin sheath.

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Section: Transcriptional and Epigenetic Regulation Of The Myelin Phenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Transcriptional and Epigenetic Regulation Of The Myelin Phenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Schwann Cell Myelination

Salzer

2015

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol

283

287

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“…Los datos de los que disponemos en la actualidad señalan la existencia de una relación entre la regulación de la metilación del ADN en genes candidatos que son clave en el desarrollo de la EM y los procesos autoinmunes 45,46 . Si bien los resultados apuntan en esta línea, es necesario realizar estudios de cohortes con mayor número de pacientes y controles 47,48 .…”

Section: Conclusionesunclassified

Modificaciones epigenéticas en neurología: alteraciones en la metilación del ADN en la esclerosis múltiple

et al. 2017

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“…However, the fact that even genetically identical individuals (monozygotic twins) are not always concordant for MS, strongly suggests that other risk factors exist. These include environmental factors such as smoking, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection and sun exposure, and epigenetic determinants such as DNA methylation patterns, histone modifications and non-coding RNAs [11, 12]. …”

Section: Ms Is a Genetic Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic determinants of risk and progression in multiple sclerosis

Didonna

Oksenberg

2015

Clinica Chimica Acta

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease that represents a primary cause of neurological disability in the young adult population. Converging evidence support the importance of genetic determinants for MS etiology. However, with the exception of the major histocompatibility complex, their nature has been elusive for more than 20 years. In the last decade, the advent of large genome-wide association studies has significantly improved our understanding of the disease, leading to the golden era of MS genetic research. To date more than 110 genetic variants have been firmly associated to an increased risk of developing MS. A large part of these variants tag genes involved in the regulation of immune response and several of them are shared with other autoimmune diseases, suggesting a common etiological root for this class of disorders. Despite the impressive body of data obtained in the last years, we are still far from fully decoding MS genetic complexity. For example, we ignore how these genetic factors interact with each other and with the environment. Thus, the biggest challenge for the next era of MS research will consist in identifying and characterizing the molecular mechanisms and the cellular pathways in which these risk variants play a role.

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Epigenetic mechanisms in multiple sclerosis: implications for pathogenesis and treatment

Cited by 122 publications

References 159 publications

Schwann Cell Myelination

Schwann Cell Myelination

Modificaciones epigenéticas en neurología: alteraciones en la metilación del ADN en la esclerosis múltiple

Genetic determinants of risk and progression in multiple sclerosis

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