Epigenetic Manipulation Induces the Production of Coumarin‐Type Secondary Metabolite from Arthrobotrys foliicola

Abstract

Pursuing epigenetic manipulation approach in fungi led to the isolation of an unusual coumarin metabolite from fungi. An addition of the histone deacetylase inhibitor, suberohydroxamic acid (SBHA), to the culture medium of Arthrobotrys foliicola induced production of the coumarin‐type secondary metabolite represented by a single intensive peak in the HPLC profile of the ethyl acetate extract. The compound which was identified as 4‐ethyl‐7‐hydroxy‐8‐methyl‐2H‐chromen‐2‐one (1) was isolated from nature for the first time. Moreover, the investigation on the remaining part of the HPLC profile led to the separation of 6‐ethyl‐2,4‐dihydroxy‐3‐methylbenzaldehyde (2) and ten 2,5‐diketopiperazine compounds (3–12). The structures of isolates were deduced by their mass and NMR spectroscopic data. The coumarin‐type secondary metabolite (1) with peculiar smell induced by epigenetic stimulation is found for the first time in the Arthrobotrys species and the family Orbiliaceae. We evaluated 1 for the cytotoxic, anti‐inflammatory, anti‐allergic and nematocidal activities, however, it was found inactive.

Secondary Metabolites and Bioactivities of Aspergillus ochraceopetaliformis Isolated from Anthurium brownii

“…The method for cytotoxicity assay was performed as previously described. , Briefly, three human cancer cell lines, HepG2 (1 × 10 4 cells), A549 (5 × 10 3 cells), and MDA-MB-231 (1 × 10 4 cells), were inoculated onto 96-well plates and treated with the samples (20 μg/mL). The medium was removed after 72 h of incubation then the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) solution (100 μL, 0.5 mg/mL) was added into each well.…”

Anti-inflammatory, Antiplatelet Aggregation, and Antiangiogenesis Polyketides from Epicoccum sorghinum: Toward an Understating of Its Biological Activities and Potential Applications

“…Utilizing CD34 MicroBead kit and MACS Cell Separation System (Miltenyi Biotec, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany), the CD34-positive progenitor cells were obtained from the separated PBMCs. The isolation and maintenance of CD34-positive EPCs were carried out as previously described …”

“…For polymerization, Matrigel was loaded into 96-well plates and maintained at 37 °C for 30 min. After gel formation, EPCs (1.5 × 10 4 cells) were seeded per well on the layer of polymerized Matrigel in MV2 medium (containing 2% FBS) with the presence of tested compounds and incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. The methods were performed as previously described …”

“…EPCs were incubated using 96-well plates in a density of 5 × 10 3 cells in each well. Cells were primed with MV2 medium (containing 2% FBS) in the indicated concentration of the tested compounds for 24 h. The percentage of LDH release was measured by the ratio of LDH activity in the medium to LDH activity in the cell lysate …”

“…The isolation and maintenance of CD34positive EPCs were carried out as previously described. 37 Tube Formation Assay. Matrigel (BD Biosciences, Bedford, MA) was utilized to facilitate the differentiation of EPCs into a capillary tube-like structure.…”