Epigenetic inheritance of metabolic signals

Steenwyk, Gretchen van; Jawaid, Ali; Mansuy, Isabelle M.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816843-1.00011-4

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…While miRNAs in circulation originate from peripheral tissues, miRNAs in sperm are produced in part, during spermatogenesis and are also acquired during sperm maturation. The results suggest that the miRNA changes in sperm may involve EVs and/or HDL-derived uptake processes, consistent with previous observations that serum lipoproteins including HDL are altered after acute or chronic stress but also high-fat diet and exercise in exposed individuals and their offspring 28 . The observed changes in miR-16 and miR-375 are functionally relevant to the behavior and metabolic sequelae of childhood trauma and may represent useful targets for screening, prognostics and therapeutics.…”

Section: Main Textsupporting

confidence: 91%

Distinct microRNA signature in human serum and germline after childhood trauma

Jawaid

Kunzi

Mansoor

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Traumatic experiences during childhood can persistently alter mental and physical health in humans and have been implicated in transmission of symptoms to the progeny in animal models. Molecular evidence from these models implicates epigenetic/non-genetic factors, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), in the expression of trauma-induced symptoms and their transmission to the offspring. To confirm these findings in humans, we assembled three cohorts of subjects exposed to childhood trauma and examined selected miRNAs linked to psychological and pathophysiological manifestations of childhood trauma. Children aged 7-12 years (n = 72, control n = 30) exposed to paternal loss and maternal separation (PLMS) exhibited increase in two miRNAs, miR-16 and miR-375 in serum and reduced level of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) compared to control children. Comparable miRNA changes were observed in serum of adult men aged 18-25 years (n = 13, control n = 17) who had been exposed to PLMS at a young age. Finally, the same miRNAs were altered in sperm of adult men aged 21-50 years (n = 23, control n = 35) exposed to two or more significant traumatic events in childhood, assessed retrospectively using the standardized childhood trauma questionnaire (CTQ). In vitro experiments show that regulation of these miRNA involves the HDL receptor SRB-1, suggesting a link between trauma-associated miRNAs and metabolic alterations.

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Section: Main Textsupporting

confidence: 91%

Distinct microRNA signature in human serum and germline after childhood trauma

Jawaid

Kunzi

Mansoor

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Once sacrosanct and even referred to as the Second Law of Biology (Noble, 2013), ‘Weismann's barrier’, the conceptual barrier shielding germ cells from somatic influence, is now routinely challenged by reports of animals inheriting their parents' responses to lifetime experiences in taxa ranging from nematode worms (Rechavi & Lev, 2017) to insects (Maleszka, 2016; Xia & de Belle, 2017), rodents (Gapp & Bohacek, 2018; Wang et al., 2017) and even humans (Chong & Whitelaw, 2004; Wang et al., 2017). Many lifetime experiences have been found to induce phenotypic changes that are inherited by (often multiple) generations, including preconception exposure to chemicals (Anway et al., 2005, 2006; Guerrero‐Bosagna et al., 2013; Skinner et al., 2015), pathogens (Gammon et al., 2017; Rechavi et al., 2011) or drug use (Finegersh et al., 2015; Rompala et al., 2017; Short et al., 2016; Szutorisz & Hurd, 2018; Vassoler et al., 2013; Yohn et al., 2015), as well as exercise (Benito et al., 2018; McGee & Hargreaves, 2019) and nutritional factors such as obesity (Grandjean et al., 2015; Huypens et al., 2016; Ng et al., 2010, 2014; van Steenwyk et al., 2019; Wei et al., 2014) or malnourishment (Bresler et al., 1975; Hanafi et al., 2016; Mejos et al., 2013; Rechavi et al., 2014; Reusens et al., 2011). Even certain learned behaviours and psychological trauma can be inherited (Dias & Ressler, 2014; Gapp et al., 2014, 2018; Krippner & Barrett, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bubbling beyond the barrier: exosomal RNA as a vehicle for soma–germline communication

Phillips,

Noble

2023

The Journal of Physiology

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Abstract‘Weismann's barrier’ has restricted theories of heredity to the transmission of genomic variation for the better part of a century. However, the discovery and elucidation of epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation such as DNA methylation and histone modifications has renewed interest in studies on the inheritance of acquired traits and given them mechanistic plausibility. Although it is now clear that these mechanisms allow many environmentally acquired traits to be transmitted to the offspring, how phenotypic information is communicated from the body to its gametes has remained a mystery. Here, we discuss recent evidence that such communication is mediated by somatic RNAs that travel inside extracellular vesicles to the gametes where they reprogram the offspring epigenome and phenotype. How gametes learn about bodily changes has implications not only for the clinic, but also for evolutionary theory by bringing together intra‐ and intergenerational mechanisms of phenotypic plasticity and adaptation. image

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Epigenetic inheritance of metabolic signals

Cited by 2 publications

References 122 publications

Distinct microRNA signature in human serum and germline after childhood trauma

Distinct microRNA signature in human serum and germline after childhood trauma

Bubbling beyond the barrier: exosomal RNA as a vehicle for soma–germline communication

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