“…There have been 32 studies reporting DNA methylation in human PNETs, and one study which has looked at global 5hmC ( Tables 2 and 3 ). The PNET methylome has been profiled in 24 studies in a gene-specific manner ( Muscarella et al 1998 , Bartsch et al 2000 , Serrano et al 2000 , Chan et al 2003 , Dammann et al 2003 , House et al 2003 , Wild et al 2003 , Liu et al 2005 , Arnold et al 2007 , Choi et al 2007 , Dejeux et al 2009 , Malpeli et al 2011 , Stricker et al 2012 , Ohki et al 2014 , Schmitt et al 2014 , Stefanoli et al 2014 , Liu et al 2014 , Cros et al 2016 , Ushiku et al 2016 , Campana et al 2018 , Conemans et al 2018 , Zhang et al 2020 , Ban et al 2022 , Evans et al 2022 a ) and subsequently by both global methylation ( Marinoni et al 2017 ) and hydroxymethylation ( Sharma et al 2022 ) and by specific CpG site assessment with array-based technologies ( Chan et al 2003 , Tirosh et al 2019 , Boons et al 2020 , Di Domenico et al 2020 , Lakis et al 2021 , Simon et al 2022 , Yachida et al 2022 ). Out of the 24 studies looking at a specific subset of genes, 58% (14/24) have used methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) to investigate the percentage of methylation present at specific gene promoters.…”