Epigenetic Changes and Functions in Pneumoconiosis

Li, Yiping; Cheng, Zhiwei; Fan, Hui; Hao, Changfu; Yao, Wu

doi:10.1155/2022/2523066

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 112 publications

(202 reference statements)

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“…Epigenetic modifications are processes that alter gene activity without modifying the underlying genetic code. An expanding body of evidence indicates that epigenetic changes play a significant role in IPF [120]. DNA methylation variations encompass unintentional methylation errors and the hyper-and hypomethylation of cytosine residues in various genes [121].…”

Section: Epigenetic Alterationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Where do We Stand and How Far to Go?

Singh,

Ulasov,

Gupta

et al. 2024

Discovery Medicine

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Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and incurable lung disease characterized by collagen deposition, alveolar inflammation, fibroblast proliferation, and the destruction of lung tissue structures. It is a rare yet severe condition with a high mortality rate, typically leading to death within 3-5 years of diagnosis. The clinical presentation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) involves a gradual and substantial loss of lung function, ultimately resulting in respiratory failure. Despite more than half a century of intensive research, the origin of IPF remains a mystery. Despite its unknown etiology, several genetic and non-genetic factors have been linked to IPF. Recent significant advancements have been made in the field of IPF diagnosis and treatment. Two oral small-molecule drugs, pirfenidone and nintedanib, have recently gained approval for the treatment of IPF. Pirfenidone exhibits antifibrotic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties, while nintedanib is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor with selectivity for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors, prostaglandin F (PGF) receptors, and fibroblast growth factor (FGF) receptors. Both of these compounds are capable of slowing down the progression of the disease with an acceptable safety profile. This review provides a brief introduction, historical background, epidemiological insights, and an exploration of various environmental risk factors that may influence the lung microenvironment and contribute to the advancement of IPF. The review also delves into the diagnosis, signaling pathways, and ongoing clinical trials worldwide. A thorough review of the literature was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar to gather information on various aspects of IPF. Numerous potential drugs are currently under investigation in clinical trials, and the completion of this process is crucial to the ultimate goal of finding a cure for IPF patients. The investigation of the role of genes, surfactant proteins, infectious agents, biomarkers, and epigenetic changes holds the promise of offering earlier and more accurate understanding and diagnosis of IPF. This information could be instrumental in the development of new therapeutic approaches for treating IPF and is expected to be of great interest to researchers.

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Section: Epigenetic Alterationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Where do We Stand and How Far to Go?

Singh,

Ulasov,

Gupta

et al. 2024

Discovery Medicine

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“…Nevertheless, growing evidence suggests that passenger strand can also be biologically active, and miRNAs are furthermore capable of interacting with proteins and DNAs, not only restricted to mRNAs [ 16 ]. Even more striking, contrary to the widely-accepted negative regulatory role, studies have found that nuclear activating miRNAs (NamiRNAs) could positively regulate gene expressions by enhancing the enhancer activation or competitively binding repressor proteins [ 17 , 18 ]. Clearly, more work is required to fully illuminate the regulatory role of miRNAs involved in various biological processes.…”

Section: Background Of Mirnasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in the role of miRNAs in post-traumatic stress disorder and traumatic brain injury

Zhu

Huang

et al. 2023

Mol Psychiatry

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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is usually considered a psychiatric disorder upon emotional trauma. However, with the rising number of conflicts and traffic accidents around the world, the incidence of PTSD has skyrocketed along with traumatic brain injury (TBI), a complex neuropathological disease due to external physical force and is also the most common concurrent disease of PTSD. Recently, the overlap between PTSD and TBI is increasingly attracting attention, as it has the potential to stimulate the emergence of novel treatments for both conditions. Of note, treatments exploiting the microRNAs (miRNAs), a well-known class of small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), have rapidly gained momentum in many nervous system disorders, given the miRNAs’ multitudinous and key regulatory role in various biological processes, including neural development and normal functioning of the nervous system. Currently, a wealth of studies has elucidated the similarities of PTSD and TBI in pathophysiology and symptoms; however, there is a dearth of discussion with respect to miRNAs in both PTSD and TBI. In this review, we summarize the recent available studies of miRNAs in PTSD and TBI and discuss and highlight promising miRNAs therapeutics for both conditions in the future.

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“…100 pneumoconiosis patients hospitalized in our hospital from December 2022 to January 2023 were selected as the research subjects, including 67 male patients and 13 female patients; The average age is (53.24 ± 9.18) years old; Initial diagnosis period: 77 cases in the first stage, 16 cases in the second stage, and 7 cases in the third stage; Inclusion criteria: All patients met the diagnostic criteria of "Diagnosis of Occupational Pneumoconiosis" [5] (GBZ 70-2015). (1) All patients were diagnosed as chronic pneumoconiosis patients through imaging, pathology, surgery, and other examinations; (2) No other serious illness patients; (3) The patient is aware of the purpose and content of this study and agrees to cooperate and sign a letter of understanding; (4) This study was approved by the hospital ethics committee. Exclusion criteria: (1) Patients with severe functional failure such as heart, liver, and kidney; (2) Failure to complete relevant inspections; (3) Those who are unwilling to cooperate during follow-up.…”

Section: Research Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a systemic disease. According to current occupational epidemiology, there are over 20 million township enterprises in China with over 200 million employees, of which 16% are engaged in dust exposure operations [1][2] . Due to the backwardness of the enterprise industry and the fact that the employees are mainly farmers, there is a lack of knowledge about the hazards of dust, and there are no guarantee measures in work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Prognosis, Survival Status, and Risk Factors of Occupational Pneumoconiosis Patients in Lanzhou Area

2023

IJWM

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Analyze the prognosis, survival status, and risk factors of occupational pneumoconiosis patients in Lanzhou area.Methods:100 pneumoconiosis patients hospitalized in our hospital from December 2022 to January 2023 were selected as the research subjects, including 67 male patients and 13 female patients; Initial diagnosis period: 77 cases in the first stage, 16 cases in the second stage, and 7 cases in the third stage. According to survival or not, they were divided into a survival group of 85 cases and a death group of 15 cases. A self-made survey questionnaire was used to collect patients' age, gender, occupational history, smoking history, past medical history, current medical history, complications, and other information. Patients were followed up for 1 year to understand their prognosis and survival status. They were divided into survival group and death group based on survival for comparative analysis. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the risk factors for mortality after occupational pneumoconiosis. The prevalence rate was higher in the age group of 50-69, with 66 cases (66.00%), 23 cases (23.00%) aged 70-80, and 11 cases (11.00%) aged 30-49; 77 cases (77.00%) in the first stage, 16 cases (16.00%) in the second stage, and 7 cases (7.00%) in the third stage of the staging; Coal workers' pneumoconiosis was the main cause of pneumoconiosis in 87 cases (87.00%), followed by silicosis in 9 cases (9.00%), with a statistically significant difference (P<0. 05) 05)｡ The results of univariate analysis showed that exposure to dust, smoking history, presence or absence of comorbidities, advanced stage of pneumoconiosis, initial diagnosis stage, and type of pneumoconiosis were the single factors affecting the prognosis and mortality of patients with chronic pneumoconiosis (P<0.05); Gender and age are not single factors that affect the prognosis and mortality of patients with chronic pneumoconiosis (P>0.05). The survival state variable is whether occupational pneumoconiosis patients die from pneumoconiosis or its complications during the observation period (0=no, 1=yes), and the observation time is the survival time variable. The time dependent variable is the length of work exposed to dust (≤ 10 years=1,>10 years=2), smoking history (yes=1, no=0), comorbidities (yes=1, no=0), and advanced stage of pneumoconiosis (yes=1, no=0). The time dependent variable is the initial diagnosis stage (first stage=1, second stage=2, third stage=3) The type of pneumoconiosis (silicosis=1, coal worker's pneumoconiosis=2, other pneumoconiosis=3), age (≤ 50 years of age=1,>50 years of age=2) are independent variables. Multiple categorical variable are transformed into dummy variables for analysis. The hazard ratio (HR) of variables and its 95% confidence interval are calculated using the forward method of non proportional risk Cox regression model. The results showed that exposure to dust, smoking history, presence or absence of comorbidities, advanced stage of pneumoconiosis, initial diagnosis stage, and type of pneumoconio...

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Epigenetic Changes and Functions in Pneumoconiosis

Cited by 4 publications

References 112 publications

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Where do We Stand and How Far to Go?

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Where do We Stand and How Far to Go?

Recent advances in the role of miRNAs in post-traumatic stress disorder and traumatic brain injury

Analysis of Prognosis, Survival Status, and Risk Factors of Occupational Pneumoconiosis Patients in Lanzhou Area

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