Epidermolysis Bullosa in Calves in the United Kingdom

Foster, Aiden P; Skuse, A. M.; Higgins, Robert; Barrett, David C; Philbey, Adrian; Thomson, J. R.; Thompson, H.; Fraser, Mary; Bowden, Paul Edward; Day, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.jcpa.2009.10.001

Cited by 16 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…The hemidesmosomes were Clinical signs and pathology observed in the present case are characteristic of EB in animals and human beings. 3,4,8 The ultrastructural findings showed that the separation occurred at the lamina lucida in the epidermal basement membrane zone, consistent with the diagnosis of JEB. Ultrastructurally, the epidermal basement membrane zone is divided into 3 areas: hemidesmosomes, lamina lucida, and lamina densa (Fig.…”

supporting

confidence: 71%

“…The lesions occur due to insufficient connections at the dermis-epidermis junction, due to defects at the basement membrane zone. 4,6 In addition to the formation of blisters, there is a loss of nails, claws, or hooves, and detachment of the epithelium of the oral mucosa. 7,8 The different EB types in domestic animals follow human classification, based on the ultrastructural lesion at the skin basement membrane zone.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Junctional epidermolysis bullosa in a calf

Medeiros

Riet-Correa

Armién³

et al. 2011

J VET Diagn Invest

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Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a hereditary mechanobullous skin disease of animals and human beings, characterized by marked skin and mucous membrane fragility, which triggers the formation of blisters and ulcers in response to minor trauma. The lesions occur due to insufficient connections at the dermis-epidermis junction, due to defects at the basement membrane zone. 4,6 In addition to the formation of blisters, there is a loss of nails, claws, or hooves, and detachment of the epithelium of the oral mucosa. 7,8 The different EB types in domestic animals follow human classification, based on the ultrastructural lesion at the skin basement membrane zone. There are 3 types of EB: epidermolysis bullosa simplex (EBS), characterized by cytolysis of basal keratinocytes producing intraepidermal clefts; junctional epidermolysis bullosa (JEB), in which the separation occurs in the lamina lucida; and dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) with cleavage within or below the lamina densa.3 Most types of EB are caused by autosomal recessive genes and appear with low frequency. It is estimated that, in human beings, the disease affects 1 in 17,000 live births in the entire world population. 8In animals, the frequency of EB is not estimated, but there are few reports of the disease. The aim of the current study was to report the clinical, histological, and ultrastructural aspects of a case of EB in a 2-month-old calf, examined in April 2010, at the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Campina Grande (HV/UFCG), Paraíba, Brazil. The calf belonged to a herd of 18 animals. It was descendent from a Gir bull and a Gir crossbreed cow. According to the farmer, a male calf (sired by the same bull) with similar lesions died previously on the farm.The calf had exungulation of all hooves, widespread erosions, and crusts on the skin (Fig. 1A, 1B) and ulcers in the oral cavity (Fig. 1C). The epidermis loosened easily when a little pressure was exerted on the intact skin (positive Nikolsky sign 8 ). Due to the severity of clinical signs and unfavorable prognosis, the animal was euthanized and necropsied. Varying degrees of alopecia, erosions, and crusts were observed on the skin of the metacarpal and metatarsal regions, elbows, knees, ventral thorax, and abdomen and gluteal region. There were also multifocal ulcers on the gums, hard and soft palates, mucosa of the lips, cheek mucosa, and dorsum of the tongue. The other organs showed no significant lesions.Tissue samples from liver, spleen, kidney, adrenal, lymph nodes, thymus, lung, heart, skeletal muscles, thyroid, central nervous system, esophagus, fore stomachs, abomasum, large and small intestine, oral mucosa, tongue, and skin were fixed in 10% buffered formalin, embedded in paraffin, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin, periodic acid-Schiff, and Gomori trichome. Histologically, there was subepidermal separation (Fig. 2), forming blisters filled occasionally with clear eosinophilic fluid, cellular debris, or neutrophils. Epidermal cells showed degeneration evolving to necro...

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supporting

confidence: 71%

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confidence: 99%

Junctional epidermolysis bullosa in a calf

Medeiros

Riet-Correa

Armién³

et al. 2011

J VET Diagn Invest

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“…Epidermolysis bullosa simplex is characterized by suprabasal separation without cytolysis of basal cells, as it occurs in dogs and buffalo, or by basal separation with cytolysis of basal cells (cytolytic), as seen in cattle . Clinical signs occur immediately after birth, with superficial epidermal layers sloughing upon pressure.…”

Section: Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplexmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dystrophic or absent nails are frequently seen in human patients, and this corresponds to the deformities and sloughing of the hooves in buffalo (Figure c) and cattle and to dystrophic or atrophic claws in dogs . Multifocal ulcers on the gums, hard and soft palates, mucosa of the lips, buccal mucosa and dorsum of the tongue are observed in cattle with cytolytic basal layer separation and dogs with noncytolytic suprabasal separation . In contrast, lesions of the oral cavity are not observed in buffalo with noncytolytic suprabasal separation .…”

Section: Epidermolysis Bullosa Simplexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidermolysis bullosa in animals: a review

Medeiros

Riet-Correa

2014

Veterinary Dermatology

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Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) is a hereditary mechanobullous disease of animals and humans, characterized by an extreme fragility of the skin and mucous membranes. The main feature of EB in humans and animals is the formation of blisters and erosions in response to minor mechanical trauma. Epidermolysis bullosa is caused by mutations in the genes that code for structural proteins of the cytoskeleton of the basal keratinocytes or of the basement membrane zone. Based on the ultrastructural levels of tissue separation, EB is divided into the following three broad categories: epidermolysis bullosa simplex, junctional epidermolysis bullosa and dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. Human types of EB are divided into several subtypes based on their ultrastructural changes and the mode of inheritance; subtypes are not fully established in animals. In humans, it is estimated that EB affects one in 17,000 live births; the frequency of EB in different animals species is not known. In all animal species, except in buffalo with epidermolysis bullosa simplex, multifocal ulcers are observed on the gums, hard and soft palates, mucosa of the lips, cheek mucosa and dorsum of the tongue. Dystrophic or absent nails, a frequent sign seen in human patients with EB, corresponds to the deformities and sloughing of the hooves in ungulates and to dystrophy or atrophy of the claws in dogs and cats. This review covers aspects of the molecular biology, diagnosis, classification, clinical signs and pathology of EB reported in animals.

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“…Foster et al. diagnosed EB in eight calves in four farms in the U.K 25 . Three of the affected farms had used pedigree Simmental bulls mated to Simmental‐cross cows.…”

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Updates from the British Society for Investigative Dermatology Annual Meeting, 16–18 April 2007, Nottingham, U.K.

Birnie

English

2008

Br J Dermatol

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This is a synopsis of the main research findings presented at the British Society for Investigative Dermatology meeting held during 16-18 April 2007 in Nottingham, U.K. The conference highlighted the recent biological, epidemiological and therapeutic advances that have been made in the field of dermatology. The authors focus on the more important advances or summaries of findings, but this is not meant as a substitute for reading the conference proceedings and related references quoted in this article.

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Epidermolysis Bullosa in Calves in the United Kingdom

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Junctional epidermolysis bullosa in a calf

Junctional epidermolysis bullosa in a calf

Epidermolysis bullosa in animals: a review

Updates from the British Society for Investigative Dermatology Annual Meeting, 16–18 April 2007, Nottingham, U.K.

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