Epidermoid carcinoma of the perianal skin and anal canal

Management of Anal Canal Cancer

“…33,[45][46][47][48] This involved abdominoperineal resection (APR) with or without inguinal lymph node dissection. The overall five-year survival rate after radical surgery ranged between 30 and 71 percent, with an operative mortality between 2.5 and 5 percent.…”

“…As locoregional control is improved by multimodal therapy, better treatment for distant metastases will be necessary to enhance long-term survival. Approximately 12 percent of patients will eventually develop distant metastases 7,85,105 (Table 13), most commonly in the liver and the lung. 45,49 Various chemotherapeutic agents have been used.…”

“…Approximately 12 percent of patients will eventually develop distant metastases 7,85,105 (Table 13), most commonly in the liver and the lung. 45,49 Various chemotherapeutic agents have been used. [106][107][108] Wilking et al 109 studied a combination of bleomycin, vincristine, and highdose methotrexate with leucovorin rescue in advanced anal cancer.…”

Spindle cell carcinoma (pseudosarcoma) of the anus: a light, electron microscopic and immunocytochemical study of a case

“…Epidermoid carcinomas of the anal canal are rare lesions accounting for 1-3% of all carcinomas of the rectum and large bowel (Kuehn et al 1964, Morson & Dawson 1979, O'Brien et al 1982. These tumours show a diversity of histological types: as ordinary squamous cell carcinoma, basaloid or cloacogenic carcinoma and muco-epidermoid carcinoma.…”

Follow up

“…In another series of 200 cases collected from 31 hospitals in Connecticut, 13 hepatic and six pulmonary metastases were detected. They were usually bilateral and almost exclusively observed in patients with advanced primary tumours with residual disease following initial treatment [11]. Both the neo adjuvant and adjuvant approach used in RTOG and ACT 2 trials has no influence on disease free survival.…”