Epidermal parasitic skin diseases: a neglected category of poverty-associated plagues

Feldmeier, Hermann; Heukelbach, Jörg

doi:10.2471/blt.07.047308

Cited by 148 publications

(157 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Parasitic skin diseases occur all over the world but despite high prevalences are considered as neglected diseases [1]. In resource-poor settings, head lice infestations, one of the major parasitic skin diseases, are of considerable public health importance and have been described to be associated with poverty [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding head lice infestations in rural Nigeria

Heukelbach

Ugbomoiko

2011

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Head lice infestations are common in sub-Saharan Africa, but knowledge, attitudes and practices have never been studied in this region.Methodology: This population-based study was conducted in a small rural community (population = 590) in Kwara State, Central Nigeria. Inhabitants of the community were interviewed regarding head lice infestations, using a pre-tested structured questionnaire, and examined regarding the presence of active pediculosis. Results: Of the 496 participants included, 367 (74.0%) had experienced head lice infestations, but only 26 (11.1%) of the individuals older than 15 years knew the correct mode of transmission. Of 142 individuals with active pediculosis, only 1 (0.7%) felt ashamed. Treatment was most commonly done by grooming (46.3%), followed by combing (27.2%). Only 4.6% used pediculicides, and 21.8% did not apply any treatment. Opinions about difficulties in controlling head lice were asked in three groups: biological, technical and social. In the first group, the most common difficulty noted was detecting head lice (52.1%), followed by possible resistance that would lengthen the time of infestation (38.9%). Technical constraints included concerns on the safety and effectiveness of products (48.7%) and difficulties in obtaining treatment (46.2%). Social contraints included difficulty in treating children (24.4%), lack of knowledge (23.5%), and the social behavior of children (22.2%). Conclusions: Head lice were not perceived as an important disease in a rural Nigerian community, and feelings about the infestation were mostly indifferent. Despite its common occurrence, knowledge on head lice was limited.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding head lice infestations in rural Nigeria

Heukelbach

Ugbomoiko

2011

J Infect Dev Ctries

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“…In addition to malaria, toxoplasmosis, tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and other viral infections, pregnant women may be infected with a wide variety of bacterial, fungal, and parasitic infections including bacterial vaginosis (BV), vaginal candidiasis, trichomoniasis, 1,2 asymptomatic bacteriuria/urinary tract infections (AB/UTI) most often caused by Escherichia coli, 3 intestinal nematode infections (Trichuris, Ascaris, and hookworm), 4 dental and periodontal disease, 5,6 and skin infections (scabies, bacterial and fungal infections), which are common under conditions of poor hygiene, poor nutritional status, and overcrowding. 7,8 Compared with pregnancy, BV is reportedly more prevalent during lactation, 9 whereas periodontal disease (but not periodontitis) and associated microflora are less common in lactating women. 10 Information on other infections during lactation is largely limited to those transmitted during breast-feeding such as HIV 11,12 and cytomegalovirus, 13 mammary infections produced by Staphylococcus spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions Among Urogenital, Intestinal, Skin, and Oral Infections in Pregnant and Lactating Panamanian Ngäbe Women: A Neglected Public Health Challenge

Gonzalez‐Fernandez¹,

Koski²,

Sinisterra³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Interrelationships among bacteria, protozoa, helminths, and ectoparasites were explored in a cross-sectional survey of 213 pregnant and 99 lactating indigenous women. Prevalences in pregnancy and lactation, respectively, were: vaginitis (89.2%; 46.8%), vaginal trichomoniasis (75.3%; 91.1%), bacterial vaginosis (BV; 60.6%; 63.3%), hookworm (56.6%; 47.8%), asymptomatic bacteriuria/urinary tract infection (AB/UTI; 56.2%; 36.2%), cervicitis (33.3%; 6.3%), vaginal yeast (24.9%; 11.4%), Ascaris (32.5%; 17.4%), vaginal diplococci (20.4%; 31.6%), caries (19.7%; 18.2%), scabies (17.4%; 8.1%), and Trichuris (12.5%; 8.7%). Multiple regressions revealed positive associations during pregnancy (trichomoniasis and AB/UTI; diplococci and Ascaris) and lactation (yeast and scabies). Negative associations were detected in pregnancy (BV and trichomoniasis; hookworm and diplococci) and lactation (BV and yeast). Vaginal Lactobacillus reduced odds of diplococci in pregnancy and lactation, but increased Ascaris eggs per gram (epg) and odds of trichomoniasis in pregnancy and yeast in lactation. These associations raised a concern that treatment of one condition may increase the risk of another.

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“…4 Scabies can be difficult to diagnose for even the most experienced physicians, as examination findings can be subtle and patients may not relate key historic clues of severe pruritus that is worse at night, close contacts who have similar symptoms, and a history of exposure. 3 Examination findings include serpiginous white lines indicative of the mite burrowing; these classically occur in the interdigital web spaces, the areolae of female breasts, or the male genitalia, but they may be found on other body sites.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Scabies in a Dermatology Office

Anderson

Strowd

2017

J Am Board Fam Med

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Background: Scabies is a neglected skin disease, and little is known about current incidence and treatment patterns in the United States. The purpose of this study was to examine demographic data, treatment types, success of treatment, and misdiagnosis rate of scabies in an outpatient dermatology clinic.Methods: A retrospective chart review of patients diagnosed with scabies within the past 5 years was performed.Results: A total of 459 charts were identified, with 428 meeting inclusion criteria. Demographic data, diagnostic method, treatment choice, misdiagnosis rate, treatment failure, and itching after scabies are also reported. Children were the largest age group diagnosed with scabies, at 38%. Males (54%) were diagnosed with scabies more than females. The majority of diagnoses were made by visualizing ova, feces, or mites on light microscopy (58%). At the time of diagnosis, 45% of patients had been misdiagnosed by another provider. Topical permethrin was the most common treatment used (69%), followed by a combination of topical permethrin and oral ivermectin (23%), oral ivermectin (7%), and other treatments (1%).Conclusion: Our findings suggest that more accurate and faster diagnostic methods are needed to limit unnecessary treatment and expedite appropriate therapy for scabies. (J Am Board Fam Med 2017; 30:78 -84.)

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Epidermal parasitic skin diseases: a neglected category of poverty-associated plagues

Cited by 148 publications

References 44 publications

Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding head lice infestations in rural Nigeria

Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding head lice infestations in rural Nigeria

Interactions Among Urogenital, Intestinal, Skin, and Oral Infections in Pregnant and Lactating Panamanian Ngäbe Women: A Neglected Public Health Challenge

Epidemiology, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Scabies in a Dermatology Office

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