Epidemiology of viral hepatitis

Koff, Raymond S.; Kabler, Paul W.

doi:10.1080/10643387009381571

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 216 publications

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“…It has long been recognized that hospital staff have a greater risk of contracting clinical hepatitis than persons who are not so employed (Kuh & Ward, 1950;Byrne, 1966). The association of an increased risk of clinical hepatitis with work in chronic maintenance haemodialysis units, in renal transplant units, or in the clinical laboratories receiving specimens from these units is well established (Ringertz & Nystrom, 1967; Koff, 1970;Williams et al 1974). The prevalence of anti-HB8 in such staff groups has indicated the possible extent of subclinical infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen among staff in an Edinburgh hospital

Burrell

Tonkin

Proudfoot

et al. 1977

J. Hyg.

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Antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen was detected by radioimmunoprecipitation in 74 (5-5%) of 1336 staff members in a large general hospital in Edinburgh, in 14 (2-9%) of 480 volunteer blood donors in the area, and in 12 (6-1%) of 197 pregnant women attending for the first time at the ante-natal clinic in the hospital. Rates of antibody prevalence rose with age in the sample of hospital staff and in that of the blood donors, particularly among males. On the other hand, in the ante-natal patients antibody prevalence declined with age. The rates in hospital staff were higher than those in blood donors of comparable age and sex, and high titres of antibody were more common in the staff group. However, no association was found between antibody prevalence and a history of clinical hepatitis, blood transfusion, or recognized contact with cases of hepatitis. Staff who had previously worked in an infectious disease hospital did not show increased antibody prevalence, indicating that simple isolation measures have been adequate to minimize exposure to hepatitis B. No particular prevalence of infection was seen in physicians and surgeons, in the nursing staff, or in workers in clinical diagnostic laboratories, hospital administration or other areas. One group clearly showing increased antibody prevalence was staff currently working, or who had worked, in the Haemodialysis Unit; this correlated with the outbreak of dialysis-associated hepatitis in 1969--70. However, no evidence suggested that significant dissemination of infection had occurred to other defined groups of hospital staff. Elevated rates were also observed in a small sample of kitchen and portering staff, and in obstetric medical and nursing staff; the latter observation indicate a need for further investigation to identify unsuspected exposure to hepatitis B virus.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen among staff in an Edinburgh hospital

Burrell

Tonkin

Proudfoot

et al. 1977

J. Hyg.

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“…A cohort analysis of 25,700 patients for screening HCV revealed that 450patients are at high risk of HCV sequelae and in need to receive help from antiviral medication (Mallette et al, 2008). Although HCV infection cannot be avoided by vaccination, people infected with HCV should be checked for hepatitis A and B vaccination because of the increased risk of morbidity and death associated with the coinfection of these viruses (Alter, 1996;Koff and Muir, 2008).…”

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confidence: 99%

Deciphering The Correlation Between Triclosan and Immune Response to HCV Infection

Mohamed

Hussein²,

Afifi³

et al. 2022

Egyptian Academic Journal of Biological Sciences, G. Microbiolo

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INTRODUCTIONTriclosan (TCS, 5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichloro phenoxy) phenol) is described as a broadspectrum antimicrobial agent and has antibacterial and antifungal properties (Ciba Speciality Chemicals., 2001). TCS is a typical antibacterial compound present in household cleaners, and other consumer goods (McMurry et al., 1998). It is a bacteriostatic agent at small doses due to its harmful effect on bacterial enzymes responsible for the composition of the cell membrane and cell wall fatty acids. TCS interrupts the bacteria membrane at high concentrations, trying to kill it (Fahimipour et al., 2018;Jing et al., 2020). TCS, which was developed in 1972 as an antibacterial factor in a surgical scrub composition, has a similar structure to the chemical diphenyl ether group and is well-tolerated and safe. Since then, it has become one of the most common preservatives in a wide variety of products including cleaning agents, soap, shampoo, detergent, toothbrushes, rinses, and textiles for many consumers. Due to extensive environmental contamination and its identification in streams and wild animal bodily fluids, TCS usage was rapidly expanded in the last 20 years. (Rodricks et al., 2010).

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Pathogenesis of Experimental Viral Hepatitis

Sabesin

Koff

1974

N Engl J Med

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Epidemiology of viral hepatitis

Cited by 6 publications

References 216 publications

Prevalence of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen among staff in an Edinburgh hospital

Prevalence of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen among staff in an Edinburgh hospital

Deciphering The Correlation Between Triclosan and Immune Response to HCV Infection

Pathogenesis of Experimental Viral Hepatitis

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