Epidemiology of Vertebral Fractures

Schousboe, John T.

doi:10.1016/j.jocd.2015.08.004

Cited by 315 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 222 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Typically, osteoporotic fractures of the hip, distal radius, forearm, pelvis, distal femur, and humerus were also grouped into non-vertebral osteoporotic fracture for further analysis [17] excluding vertebral fractures as not all vertebral fractures are diagnosed [18]. In order not to underestimate non-vertebral osteoporotic fractures, all first non-vertebral osteoporotic fractures were included even if occurring after a non-osteoporotic first incident fracture.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased blood cadmium levels were not associated with increased fracture risk but with increased total mortality in women: the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryThis study aimed to investigate if high levels of blood cadmium at baseline were associated with increased fracture risk during follow-up in middle-aged women. No increased fracture risk was observed during follow-up, but women with higher levels of cadmium had an increased overall mortality.IntroductionExposure to high levels of cadmium has been associated with an increased fracture risk. The aim was to investigate a perceived association between low levels of blood cadmium (B-Cd) at baseline and risk of first incident fracture.MethodsFrom the population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer Study Cardiovascular cohort, 2920 middle-aged women with available background questionnaire and B-Cd measurements were included. Women were divided into quartiles (Q) according to their cadmium levels (Cd-Q1 <0.18 μg/L, Cd-Q2 0.18–0.28 μg/L, Cd-Q3 0.28–0.51 μg/L, and Cd-Q4 >0.51 μg/L). National registries were analysed for prospective risk of fractures or death. Associations between B-Cd and fracture risk were assessed by survival analysis (Cox regression analysis).ResultsIn total, 998 first incident fractures occurred in women during a follow-up lasting 20.2 years (median) (12.5–21.2 years) (25th–75th percentile). Women in Cd-Q4 were more often current smokers than in Cd-Q1 78.4 vs. 3.3% (p < 0.001) and the number of cigarettes smoked per day correlated with B-Cd (r = 0.49; p < 0.001). The risk of fracture was not associated with baseline B-Cd in adjusted models. The hazard ratio (HR) Cd-Q4 vs. Cd-Q1 was 1.06 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.89–1.27). In the multivariate Cox regression, independent variables for increased fracture risk were history of gastric ulcer and increasing age, whereas increasing body mass index (BMI) lowered fracture risk. Overall mortality was significantly higher for women with high B-Cd, HR 2.06 (95% CI 1.57–2.69).ConclusionsHigher blood levels of cadmium did not increase fracture risk in middle-aged women but reduced overall survival.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased blood cadmium levels were not associated with increased fracture risk but with increased total mortality in women: the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[1,2] The prevalence of vertebral fracture is nearly 20% in older people. [1,2] In the United States, the government spends over $1 billion for vertebral fractures annually.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1,2] The prevalence of vertebral fracture is nearly 20% in older people. [1,2] In the United States, the government spends over $1 billion for vertebral fractures annually. [1,3] Identifying the potential risk factors is important for the prevention and treatment of vertebral fractures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increased risk of vertebral fracture in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

Chen¹,

Cheng²,

Wang³

et al. 2016

Medicine

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and risk of vertebral fracture has been reported by several observational studies. However, there is no higher-level evidence study, such as meta-analysis, that has investigated the relationship, and its mechanisms are not yet fully clear. This meta-analysis aimed to provide a summary of an observational study of the relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and the risk of vertebral fractures.Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed and EMBASE databases (up to August 1, 2016). We included published observational studies (cohort or case-control design) evaluating the relationship between rheumatoid arthritis and the risk of vertebral fractures. Two reviewers searched and abstracted the data independently. Relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used throughout the whole analysis.Seven observational studies (2 cohort studies, 2 nested case-control studies, and 3 case-control studies) were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that the pooled RR of vertebral fracture for individuals with rheumatoid arthritis was 2.34 (95% CI 2.05–2.63, I2 = 35.4%, P for heterogeneity = 0.16). Further subgroup analysis by sex showed that the pooled RRs for both women and men, and only women were 2.14 (95% CI 1.47–2.8, I2 = 48.5%, P for heterogeneity = 0.12) and 2.39 (95% CI 2.07–2.70, I2 = 34%, P for heterogeneity = 0.22), respectively. Subgroup analysis by study design showed that the pooled RRs for cohort studies, nested case-control studies, and case-control studies were 2.31 (95% CI 1.95–2.67, I2 = 4.8%, P for heterogeneity = 0.31), 1.89 (95% CI 1.01–2.77, I2 = 72.1%, P for heterogeneity = 0.06), and 2.62 (95% CI 2.04–3.91, I2 = 26.1%, P for heterogeneity = 0.26), respectively.Based on our meta-analysis, rheumatoid arthritis should be regarded as an independent risk factor of vertebral fracture. Further studies are needed to institute prevention and treatment strategies.

show abstract

“…For women aged 65 years or older, the estimated mortality rate within one year after a hip fracture is 9.4% 3 . Vertebral fractures, whether clinically apparent or silent, are major predictors of future fracture risk 4 : there is an up to five-fold increase for subsequent vertebral fracture and two-to three-fold increase for fractures at other sites 5 . The cost of OP-related fracture in the US was an estimated $16.9 billion in 2005, and over three quarters of the total costs of incident fractures were among women ($12.8 billion) 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High rate of non-treatment among osteoporotic women enrolled in a US Medicare plan

Yang

Sajjan

Modi

2016

Current Medical Research and Opinion

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To estimate the rate of non-treatment among elderly women with osteoporosis (OP) and to examine the association between patient characteristics and receiving treatment. Research design and methods: This cross-sectional, retrospective, observational study utilized patient information and claims from the Humana database to identify Medicare covered women aged 65 years old and continuously enrolled with evidence of either an OP diagnosis or an OP-related fracture during 2007-2011. The main outcome was receipt of pharmacological treatment of OP during 2012 (follow-up). The percentage of non-treatment was calculated and a stepwise selection logistic regression model was employed to estimate the association between baseline demographic and clinical characteristics and receiving treatment. Results: A total of 109,829 patients were included. Mean age was 75.7 years and 79.4% were identified with OP through OP diagnosis codes and did not have evidence of a prior fracture. Approximately one-third (32%) of patients had used OP medications during the baseline period, and 39% had experienced at least one gastro-intestinal event during baseline. Among all patients, 71.4% did not receive OP therapy during follow-up. The strongest factor associated with receiving treatment was prior use of OP therapy (odds ratio [OR] ¼ 31.3; p < .001). Among the subgroup of patients with baseline fractures, 75.9% did not receive OP therapy during follow-up and the strongest factor associated with receiving treatment remained prior use of OP therapy (OR ¼ 20.4; p < .001). Those with high comorbidity burden were less likely to receive treatment in both the overall cohort and within the subgroup with baseline fractures. Conclusions: Among Medicare-eligible women aged 65 identified with OP between 2007 and 2011, 71.4% did not receive OP treatment during 2012, including 75.9% of the subgroup of patients with a prior fracture. The use of diagnosis and procedures codes to identify patients with osteoporosis is subject to variation in coding.ARTICLE HISTORY

show abstract

Epidemiology of Vertebral Fractures

Cited by 315 publications

References 222 publications

Increased blood cadmium levels were not associated with increased fracture risk but with increased total mortality in women: the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study

Increased blood cadmium levels were not associated with increased fracture risk but with increased total mortality in women: the Malmö Diet and Cancer Study

Increased risk of vertebral fracture in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

High rate of non-treatment among osteoporotic women enrolled in a US Medicare plan

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About