Epidemiology of vaccine-preventable diseases in Japan: considerations for pre-travel advice for the 2019 Rugby World Cup and 2020 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games

Griffith, Matthew; Fukusumi, Munehisa; Kobayashi, Yusuke; Matsui, Yusuke; Nishiki, Shingo; Shimbashi, Reiko; Morino, Saeko; Sunagawa, Tomimasa; Tanaka‐Taya, Keiko; Matsui, Takeshi; Oishi, Kazunori

doi:10.5365/wpsar.2017.8.4.002

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…109 Although no global outbreaks of meningococcal disease have occurred after the Hajj for decades, a high level of awareness of the possibility of outbreaks at all mass gatherings remains. 87,[110][111][112] Increasingly, attention is being focused on vaccinepreventable diseases, such as cholera, polio, measles, and pertussis, which are increasing in the eastern Mediterranean owing to conflict and large refugee populations with poor access to preventive public health services. 113 The highly lethal MERSCoV causes increasing concern, as it continues to circulate in Saudi Arabia 78,79 and remains in the top ten of the WHO Research and Development Blueprint list of infectious diseases likely to cause major epidemics (appendix).…”

Section: Reducing Risk Of Spread Of Infectious Diseases With Epidemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass gatherings medicine: public health issues arising from mass gathering religious and sporting events

Memish

Steffen

White³

et al. 2019

The Lancet

232

184

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Mass gathering events are associated with major public health challenges. The 2014 Lancet Series on the new discipline of mass gatherings medicine was launched at the World Health Assembly of Ministers of Health in Geneva in May, 2014. The Series covered the planning and surveillance systems used to monitor public health risks, public health threats, and experiences of health-care providers from mass gathering events in 2012 and 2013. This follow-up Review focuses on the main public health issues arising from planned mass gathering events held between 2013 and 2018. We highlight public health and research data on transmission of infectious diseases and antibioticresistant bacteria, mass casualty incidents, and non-communicable diseases, including thermal disorders. In the events discussed in this Review, the combination of a large influx of people, many from countries with outbreakprone infectious diseases, with a high degree of crowd interactions imposed substantial burdens on host countries' health systems. The detection and transmission of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in pilgrims attending the Kumbh Mela and the Hajj raise concern of possible globalisation from mass-gathering religious events. Priorities for further investments and opportunities for research into prevention, surveillance, and management of these public health issues are discussed. Search strategy and selection criteriaWe searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar for English language papers that were published from a.zumla@ucl.ac.uk disorders. Priorities for further investments and oppor tunities for research into prevention, surveillance, and management of communicable and noncom municable diseases, thermal disorders, and mass casualty incidents are discussed.

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Section: Reducing Risk Of Spread Of Infectious Diseases With Epidemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass gatherings medicine: public health issues arising from mass gathering religious and sporting events

Memish

Steffen

White³

et al. 2019

The Lancet

232

184

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…There were 12 studies of epidemiology in Asia covering China [18][19][20], Taiwan [21,22], Japan [23][24][25][26], South Korea [27,28], and India [29]. There were 37 studies of sero-epidemiology in Asia covering China [18][19][20][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39], Taiwan [21,22,[40][41][42], Singapore [43,44], Japan [23][24][25][26][45][46][47][48][49], South Korea [28,[50][51][52][53], Thailand [54], and multiple countries [55,56].…”

Section: Search Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bordetella pertussis in School-Age Children, Adolescents, and Adults: A Systematic Review of Epidemiology, Burden, and Mortality in Asia

Macina

Evans²

2021

Infect Dis Ther

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Cyclic epidemics of pertussis (whooping cough) have been observed globally over the past twenty years despite high infant vaccine coverage. The resurgence of pertussis in high-income countries is partly due to waning vaccine immunity in older children and adults, as well as better surveillance and diagnostics. Moreover, in adolescents and adults, pertussis symptoms are mild and similar to common cough syndromes, meaning that it is under-diagnosed in older populations. A systematic search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and BIOSIS was undertaken to identify studies published between 1 January 1990 and 17 June 2019, with information on pertussis epidemiology, burden of illness, and mortality in school-aged children, adolescents, and adults in Asia. Studies identified for inclusion were reviewed narratively because a statistical comparison was not possible due to the mix of methodologies used.The results showed that in East Asia, including Japan, South Korea, China, and Taiwan, pertussis is circulating in older children and adults. Diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP4) coverage is high in East Asia, yet outbreaks observed in Japan and South Korea suggest that vaccine-acquired immunity had waned in adolescents and adults. Several school outbreaks in China show that pertussis is circulating in young children, with continued circulation in adolescents and adults. There was a lack of information from Southeast/South Asian countries, although pan-Asian serosurveys showed that recent pertussis infection was common in adolescents and in adults with persistent cough. To conclude, the circulation of pertussis in Asian countries with high DTP4 coverage supports the expansion of routine vaccination to include booster doses for children at school entry and adolescents. However, surveillance is weak or absent in many countries, meaning that the true burden of pertussis, particularly among older populations, is unknown.

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“…While multiple health threats, especially infectious diseases, have been discussed in the preparatory phase of Tokyo 2020 [ 6 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ], addressing the increasing number of patients suffering from heat illness in the summer season has been a critical agenda [ 7 , 8 , 9 ], because Tokyo 2020 was scheduled during the hottest and most humid period of the year in Japan, and the maximum air temperatures regularly exceeded 35 °C [ 23 ]. Although the government has started to introduce a new heatstroke alert system to raise citizens’ awareness in the summer 2020 [ 24 ], the extent to which heat illness would impact healthcare provision during MGEs, including the Olympic and Paralympic Games, was not sufficiently discussed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and Heat Illness in Tokyo, Japan: Implications for the Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games in 2021

Shimizu

Gilmour

Mase

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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The 2020 summer Olympic and Paralympic Games in Tokyo were postponed to July–September 2021 due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. While COVID-19 has emerged as a monumental health threat for mass gathering events, heat illness must be acknowledged as a potentially large health threat for maintaining health services. We examined the number of COVID-19 admissions and the Tokyo rule for emergency medical care, in Tokyo, from March to September 2020, and investigated the weekly number of emergency transportations due to heat illness and weekly averages of the daily maximum Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) in Tokyo in the summer (2016–2020). The peak of emergency transportations due to heat illness overlapped the resurgence of COVID-19 in 2020, and an increase of heat illness patients and WBGT has been observed. Respect for robust science is critical for the decision-making process of mass gathering events during the pandemic, and science-based countermeasures and implementations for COVID-19 will be warranted. Without urgent reconsiderations and sufficient countermeasures, the double burden of COVID-19 and heat-related illnesses in Tokyo will overwhelm the healthcare provision system, and maintaining essential health services will be challenging during the 2021 summer Olympic and Paralympic Games.

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Epidemiology of vaccine-preventable diseases in Japan: considerations for pre-travel advice for the 2019 Rugby World Cup and 2020 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games

Cited by 20 publications

References 11 publications

Mass gatherings medicine: public health issues arising from mass gathering religious and sporting events

Mass gatherings medicine: public health issues arising from mass gathering religious and sporting events

Bordetella pertussis in School-Age Children, Adolescents, and Adults: A Systematic Review of Epidemiology, Burden, and Mortality in Asia

COVID-19 and Heat Illness in Tokyo, Japan: Implications for the Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games in 2021

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