Epidemiology of type 2 diabetes in the Middle East and North Africa: Challenges and call for action

El‐Kebbi, Imad M.; Bidikian, Nayda H; Hneiny, Layal; Nasrallah, Mona

doi:10.4239/wjd.v12.i9.1401

Cited by 84 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 116 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Additionally, obesity is also associated with the increasing incidence of related metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes (T2D), which can raise the risk of cardiovascular disease by twofold [ 3 ]. The Middle East and North Africa region carried the highest prevalence of diabetes in 2019 at 12.2%, with a predicted 30% obese by 2030 [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grape seed and skin extract, a potential prebiotic with anti-obesity effect through gut microbiota modulation

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Obesity is a worldwide health problem and a significant risk factor for diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Gut microbiota (GM) plays an essential role in obesity, and prebiotics such as polyphenols could be one way to improve microbial dysbiosis-induced obesity. Objective This study was designed to assess the effectiveness of grape seed and skin extract (GSSE), and/or orlistat on obese rats fed with high fat diet by targeting GM modulations. The impact of treatments was also studied in non-obese rats. Material and methods Rats were rendered obese or kept with a standard diet for three months. Then they were treated either with GSSE or orlistat or with the combined treatment (GSOR) during three months and then sacrificed. Adipose tissues, blood and faeces were collected and analyzed. Results In obese rats and to a lesser extent in non-obese rats, treatments decreased the weight of various adipose tissues and the serum levels of cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, lipase, and CRP and increased HDL and adiponectin. GSOR treatment was even more efficient that orlistat. Obese rats had less GM diversity than non-obese rats and orlistat reduced it even more. However, diversity was restored with GSSE and GSOR treatments. Potential pathogenic Streptococcus alactolyticus/gallolyticus species were greatly increased in obese rats and drastically reduced with the treatments, as wells as other potential pathobionts. Conclusions GSSE exerts beneficial effects in obese rats and restores, at least partially, the observed dysbiosis. GSOR induced the highest beneficial effect. Moreover, the various treatments could also enhance physiological and GM modifications in non obese rats.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grape seed and skin extract, a potential prebiotic with anti-obesity effect through gut microbiota modulation

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The prevalence of diabetes among individuals aged 25-65 was 8.4% in 2004 and increased to 13.2% in 2016, which was higher than the worldwide average projected by International Diabetes Federation for 2017(8.4%) [ 21 ]. Similar to other countries located in the MENA region, Iran has witness an increasing trend in recent years, contributed by different factors including genetics, obesity, physical inactivity, urbanization, and poor nutritional habits [ 22 , 23 ]. In line with the present study, the prevalence of diabetes in most similar national studies was reported to be increasing, ranging from 7.4 to 24.5% [ 24 – 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of diabetes among Iranian population: results of four national cross-sectional STEPwise approach to surveillance surveys

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Diabetes as a leading cause of death imposes a heavy burden on health systems worldwide. This study investigated the trends in prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of diabetes among Iranian population aged 25 to 65 years over 12 years (2004-2016). Methods Secondary data analysis was performed using data from a national population-based survey, STEPwise approach to surveillance (STEPS) for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in four rounds (2004, 2007, 2011, 2016). The sample sizes were 89,404, 29,991, 12,103 and 30,541 individuals, respectively across the country in both rural and urban areas. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and a logistic regression model with odds ratio at a significance level of less than 5% with no adjustment for age and sex. Logistic regression was used to identify socio-demographic factors associated with the levels of awareness, treatment and control of diabetes mellitus. Results The prevalence of diabetes in four rounds was 8.4, 9, 11.1 and 13.2%, respectively. Among people with diabetes, 53.5, 65.6, 70.5 and 82.2% were aware of their condition and 35.9, 42, 46 and 39.6% were treated for this condition, respectively. In four rounds of study, 14.5, 20.8, 20.4 and 18.5% of all diabetic patients had adequate glycemic control, respectively. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, there was a significant relationship between female gender, age over 40, living in the urban area, being in the third wealth quintile and having health insurance with diabetes prevalence. Female participants were more likely to be aware of the disease. Older participants were more likely to receive treatment and had adequate glycemic control. Conclusion The prevalence of diabetes in Iran has been increasing and despite the great awareness of the disease, receiving treatment and effective control of the disease are suboptimal. While several national policies to improve diabetes screening and care have been passed in recent years, it seems large gaps remain in disease detection and treatment. It is suggested that more attention be paid to the treatment and control of diabetes by NCDs national policies to prevent the growing burden associated with the disease.

show abstract

“…These risk factors and diseases place enormous pressures on the health system and resources; therefore, they require significant policy attention. For example, the MENA region experienced the highest global increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in 2019 (12.2% of the adult population aged 20–79 years) and is expected to witness the second-highest increase (96%) in this prevalence between 2019 and 2045 compared to other parts of the world [ 88 ] . Similarly, a recently published review article indicated that the overall estimated pooled prevalence of hypertension in MENA was 26% and is estimated to double by 2025 [ 89 ] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does health economics research align with the disease burden in the Middle East and North Africa region? A systematic review of economic evaluation studies on public health interventions

Nagi

Rezq

Sangroongruangsri

et al. 2022

glob health res policy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Economic evaluation studies demonstrate the value of money in health interventions and enhance the efficiency of the healthcare system. Therefore, this study reviews published economic evaluation studies of public health interventions from 26 Middle East and North Africa (MENA) countries and examines whether they addressed the region's major health problems. Methods PubMed and Scopus were utilized to search for relevant articles published up to June 26, 2021. The reviewers independently selected studies, extracted data, and assessed the quality of studies using the Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) checklist. Results The search identified 61 studies. Approximately half (28 studies; 46%) were conducted in Israel and Iran. The main areas of interest for economic evaluation studies were infectious diseases (21 studies; 34%), cancers (13 studies; 21%), and genetic disorders (nine studies; 15%). Five (8%), 39 (64%), 16 (26%), and one (2%) studies were classified as excellent, high, average, and poor quality, respectively. The mean of CHEERS checklist items reported was 80.8% (SD 14%). Reporting the structure and justification of the selected model was missed in 21 studies (37%), while price and conversion rates and the analytical methods were missed in 21 studies (34%). Conclusions The quantity of economic evaluation studies on public health interventions in the MENA region remains low; however, the overall quality is high to excellent. There were obvious geographic gaps across countries regarding the number and quality of studies and gaps within countries concerning disease prioritization. The observed research output, however, did not reflect current and upcoming disease burden and risk factors trends in the MENA region.

show abstract

Epidemiology of type 2 diabetes in the Middle East and North Africa: Challenges and call for action

Cited by 84 publications

References 116 publications

Grape seed and skin extract, a potential prebiotic with anti-obesity effect through gut microbiota modulation

Grape seed and skin extract, a potential prebiotic with anti-obesity effect through gut microbiota modulation

Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of diabetes among Iranian population: results of four national cross-sectional STEPwise approach to surveillance surveys

Does health economics research align with the disease burden in the Middle East and North Africa region? A systematic review of economic evaluation studies on public health interventions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About