Epidemiology of tuberculosis and evaluation of treatment outcomes in the national tuberculosis control programme, River Nile state, Sudan, 2011-2013

Elmadhoun, Wadie M; Noor, Sufian K.; Bushara, Sarra O; Ahmed, Ekhlas; Mustafa, Hamdan; Sulaiman, Amel A.; Almobarak, Ahmed O.; Ahmed, Mohamed Lemine Cheikh Brahim

doi:10.26719/2016.22.2.95

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…However, to date, there have only been a few studies on the outcomes of treatment of patients with MDR-TB in limited resource settings with high prevalence rates such as Sudan [30][31][32][33]. We are aware that there have been recent studies researching the incidence of TB as well as success rates for smear-positive TB between different parts of Sudan [34], reasons why TB patients default on their treatment including rural areas, adverse effects of treatment and previous history of TB [35], and that treatment outcomes in Sudan appear to be lagging behind current WHO targets [33]. However, we believe to date that treatment outcomes of MDR-TB, as well as possible factors related with poor treatment outcomes of MDR-TB, have not been reported in Sudan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment outcomes in Sudan; findings and implications

Ali

Alrasheedy

Kibuule

et al. 2019

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy

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Background: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has a socioeconomic impact and threatens global public health. We assessed treatment outcomes of MDR-TB and predictors of poor treatment outcomes in Sudan given current high prevalence rates. Methods: Combined retrospective and prospective cohort study at Abu-Anga hospital (TB specialized hospital in Sudan). All patients with MDR-TB between 2013 and 2017 were targeted. Results: A total of 156 patients were recruited as having good records, 117 (75%) were male, and 152 (97.4%) had pulmonary TB. Patients were followed for a median of 18 months and a total of 2108 person-months. The overall success rate was 63.5% and the mortality rate was 14.1%. Rural residency (P < 0.05) and relapsing on previous treatments (P < 0.05) were determinants of time to poor MDR-TB treatment outcomes. Conclusion: Overall, more attention needs to be given to special MDR-TB groups that are highly susceptible to poor outcomes, i.e. rural patients. As a result, it is highly recommended to maintain total coverage of medicines for all MDR-TB patients for the entire period of treatment in Sudan. It is also recommended to instigate more treatment centers in rural areas in Sudan together with programs to enhance adherence to treatments including patient counseling to improve future outcomes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment outcomes in Sudan; findings and implications

Ali

Alrasheedy

Kibuule

et al. 2019

Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy

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“…Appropriate diagnosis and management of tuberculosis (TB) is a public health priority across countries [1], [2], with TB still the second leading cause of death from infectious diseases world-wide including patients with concomitant HIV and TB [3], [4], [5]. The prevalence of TB in Sudan is a concern [6], with growing numbers of patients during the past five decades [7], although incidence rates are now decreasing [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isoniazid acetylation phenotypes in the Sudanese population; findings and implications

Ali

Alrasheedy

Kibuule

et al. 2019

Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseas

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BackgroundIsoniazid (INH) is the mainstay antimicrobial in the treatment of tuberculosis (TB). It is acetlylated in the liver to acetyl-INH. However, there is variation in rate of acetylation of INH among TB patients (i.e. fast, intermediate or slow acetylators) which impacts on the treatment outcomes.AimThe isoniazid acetylation phenotypes in the expatriate Sudanese population were determined to provide future guidance since TB is prevalent in Sudan.MethodsA community-based trial among Sudanese expatriates in Saudi Arabia was undertaken to identify INH-acetylation phenotypes. After overnight fasting, a single dose of 200 mg of INH was given to the volunteers. Three hours later, 5 ml of blood were drawn from each volunteer and prepared for High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The main outcomes were INH and Acetyl-INH concentrations in plasma and the subsequent Acetyl-INH/INH metabolic ratio (MR).ResultsThe findings suggest that slow acetylation is highly prevalent among the study participants (n = 43; 84.31%). Moreover, there was no statistically significant correlation between age and the MR (r = −0.18, P = 0.20). Further, there was no significant association between gender and the MR (P = 0.124). Similarly, no significant association was found between smoking habits and MR (P = 0.24).ConclusionIsoniazid phenotyping suggests predominantly slow acetylation among the Sudanese in this sample. The study found no statistically significant associations between the MR and age or gender or smoking.

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“…In the recent years, the resurgence of tuberculosis is obvious and the morbidity is increasing year by year due to the increase of floating population, increase of immunosuppressant administration and immunodeficiency patients and the emerging of drug-resisted tubercle bacillus [14][15][16]. The therapeutic principle of spinal tuberculosis includes thoroughly focal clearance, spinal decompression and recovery, and the reestablishment of spinal column sequence and stability [13,17,18].…”

Section: The Therapeutic Regimen Of Spinal Tuberculosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of posterior-only decompression, focal clearance, and internal fixation in treatment of thoracic and lumbar tuberculosis

Jia¹,

Miao²,

Zhou³

et al. 2018

biomedicalresearch

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Introduction: Thoracic and lumbar tuberculosis significantly affect the health of people and there is controversy on the therapeutic method. Aims: Our objective is to investigate the clinical efficacy of posterior-only decompression, focal clearance, and internal fixation in treatment of thoracic and lumbar tuberculosis. Methods: Totally 53 eligible patients with thoracic and lumbar tuberculosis were selected and divided into group A (27 patients) and group B (26 patients) according to the admission order. In group A, posterior-only focal clearance, pedicle screw fixation, and fusion of titanium web and the grafted bone were applied; while in group B, combined posterior and anterior surgery, namely posterior internal fixation with nail-stick system in the pedicle of vertebral arch to correct abnormalities first and then focal clearance, were applied. The operative time, intra-operative blood losses, drainage time, drainage volumes, and postoperative lengths of stay were compared between the two groups, and the time to fusion of the grafted bone, degree and rate of correction of kyphotic abnormality, and ASIA impairment scale of neurologic function were followed up. Results: The operative time, intra-operative blood loss, drainage time, drainage volume, and postoperative length of stay in the group A were better than the group B, which were statistically significant (all p<0.05). All the patients were followed up for 12 months-23 months. At 1 year after surgery, the time to fusion of the grafted bone was not statistically different between two groups (p>0.05), however, the degree and rate of correction of Cobb angle in the group A were better than the group B, which were statistically significant (both p<0.05). After the surgery, the improvement of neurologic function ASIA classification was not statistically different between two groups (p>0.05). Conclusions: Posterior-only decompression, focal clearance, and internal fixation in treatment of thoracic and lumbar tuberculosis have small operation wound and has definite effects of spinal reshaping and fusion.

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Epidemiology of tuberculosis and evaluation of treatment outcomes in the national tuberculosis control programme, River Nile state, Sudan, 2011-2013

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Assessment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment outcomes in Sudan; findings and implications

Assessment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) treatment outcomes in Sudan; findings and implications

Isoniazid acetylation phenotypes in the Sudanese population; findings and implications

Efficacy of posterior-only decompression, focal clearance, and internal fixation in treatment of thoracic and lumbar tuberculosis

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