Epidemiology of Trichinella infection in wild boar from Spain and its impact on human health during the period 2006–2019

Moral, Sheila Moral; Azorit, Concepción; López-Montoya, Antonio J.; Pérez, Jesús M.

doi:10.1016/j.ijppaw.2022.07.008

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In the south-east Balkan countries (i.e., Bulgaria, Romania, and Serbia [43]), Poland, and Spain, the rates of Trichinella spp. infections each year in wild boar [44] are higher. In the world panorama, a high prevalence of Trichinella in wild boar has been detected in countries such as Argentina with 25% [45] and Iran with 5.7% of wild boars positive for Trichinella britovi [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Eleven Years of Health Monitoring in Wild Boars (Sus scrofa) in the Emilia-Romagna Region (Italy)

Rossi

Santi

Barsi

et al. 2023

Animals

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In recent years, the growth of wild ungulates has increased the focus on their health monitoring. In particular, the health status of wild boars is relevant for the economic impact on the pig industry. The Emilia-Romagna region activated a wildlife monitoring plan to better evaluate the health status of the wild boar population. Between 2011 and 2021, samples of found dead and hunted wild boar have been examined for trichinellosis, tuberculosis, brucellosis, african swine fever, classical swine fever, Aujeszky’s disease, swine vesicular disease, and swine influenza A. Trichinella britovi was identified in 0.001% of the examined wild boars; neither M. bovis nor M. tuberculosis were found in M. tuberculosis complex positive samples; 2.3% were positive for Brucella suis; 29.4% of the sera were positive for Aujeszky’s disease virus; and 0.9% of the samples were positive for swine influenza A virus. With an uncertain population estimate, the number of animals tested, the number of positives, and the sampling method do not allow us to make many inferences but suggest the need to implement and strengthen the existing surveillance activity, as it seems to be the only viable alternative for safeguarding animal and human health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Eleven Years of Health Monitoring in Wild Boars (Sus scrofa) in the Emilia-Romagna Region (Italy)

Rossi

Santi

Barsi

et al. 2023

Animals

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“…In wild boar, Rostami et al. (2018) estimated a global seroprevalence of 7% (95% CI, 3%–13%) in Europe, while reports based on official analyses (artificial digestion) ranged between 1.43% in Bulgaria and 0.01% in Hungary and Germany (Moral et al., 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prevalence of Trichinella sp. in wild boar (0.2%–0.77%) is higher than in domestic pigs (reported number of positive/tested in fattening pigs not raised under controlled housing conditions in Spain during 2020: 3/52,910,207; <0.001%) (Díaz et al., 2021; EFSA‐ECDC Report, 2021; García‐Sánchez et al., 2009), being most of human outbreaks related to consumption of meat products from wild boar (Moral et al., 2022). Moreover, wild boar population has been growing in Spain, as it is in many areas of Europe, for more than a decade, expanding not only in natural habitats, but also successfully occupying human‐generated habitats, such as agricultural and peri‐urban areas (Barasona et al., 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serosurveillance of Trichinella sp. in wild boar and Iberian domestic suids in Mediterranean ecosystems of southwestern Spain

Buffoni,

Cano‐Terriza,

Jiménez‐Martín

et al. 2023

Zoonoses and Public Health

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AimsA cross‐sectional study was carried out to assess the seroprevalence and risk factors associated with Trichinella spp. exposure in wild boar and Iberian domestic pigs from Mediterranean ecosystems of southwestern Spain.Methods and ResultsSerum samples from 1360 wild boar and 439 Iberian domestic pigs were obtained during 2015–2020, from regions where Iberian pigs are raised under extensive conditions, hence sharing habitat with wild boar. Seropositivity was found in 7.4% (100/1360; 95% CI: 6.1–8.9) of the wild boar analysed. In this species, the individual seroprevalence ranged from 3.6% (8/223) (hunting season 2016–2017) to 11.4% (37/326) (2018–2019). A significant higher seropositivity was observed during the hunting season 2018–2019 (p < 0.009: OR = 3.07; 95% CI = 1.32–7.18) and one statistically significant cluster was detected within the studied area, in south central Andalusia [Relative Risk (RR) = 2.9; p = 0.037]. Females showed a significantly higher seroprevalence than males (8.7% vs. 5.8%) (p < 0.001: OR = 1.58; 95% CI = 1.08–2.32). No seropositivity to Trichinella spp. was detected in Iberian domestic pigs (0.0%; 95% CI: 0.0–0.9).ConclusionsAlthough wild boar play an important role as a reservoir of Trichinella sp. in the Mediterranean ecosystems of southwestern Spain, our results suggest that the wild boar production system does not seem to pose a risk of Trichinella exposure to domestic pigs, despite sharing habitats in these ecosystems.

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“…European countries, such as Poland and Spain, have a higher prevalence of trichinellosis in humans, mainly associated with the consumption of wild boar meat from hunting (Moral et al, 2022). With the exception of Mexico, Trichinella spp.…”

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confidence: 99%

Absence of Trichinella spp. larvae in carcasses of road-killed wild animals in Paraná state, Brazil

Jurkevicz

Silva

Neto

et al. 2022

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Trichinella spp. are zoonotic parasites that are widely distributed in warm-blooded carnivores and omnivores, including humans. Until the present moment, Brazil has been considered by World Animal Health Organization free from the domestic cycle of trichinellosis, whereas the parasite’s sylvatic cycle has the status of infection in limited zones. However, neighboring countries such as Argentina have reports of parasite larvae in the wild fauna. The present study aimed to determine the occurrence of Trichinella spp. in road-killed wild animals in Paraná, Brazil. Biological samples from 71 wild animals—29 Didelphis albiventris, 11 Nasua nasua, ten Cerdocyon thous, seven Dasypus novemcinctus, six Leopardus guttulus, six Sphiggurus spinosus and two Puma concolor—collected from November 2016 to November 2021 were subjected to artificial digestion, following the methodology described in the REGULATION (EC) No. 2075/2005. No Trichinella spp. larvae were detected in the carcasses of the road-killed wild animals. However, considering the wide spectrum of possible reservoirs that could act as a link between the sylvatic and domestic cycles and considering the current Brazilian status of sylvatic trichinellosis in limited zones, frequent monitoring of wild fauna remains necessary.

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Epidemiology of Trichinella infection in wild boar from Spain and its impact on human health during the period 2006–2019

Cited by 5 publications

References 27 publications

Eleven Years of Health Monitoring in Wild Boars (Sus scrofa) in the Emilia-Romagna Region (Italy)

Eleven Years of Health Monitoring in Wild Boars (Sus scrofa) in the Emilia-Romagna Region (Italy)

Serosurveillance of Trichinella sp. in wild boar and Iberian domestic suids in Mediterranean ecosystems of southwestern Spain

Absence of Trichinella spp. larvae in carcasses of road-killed wild animals in Paraná state, Brazil

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