Epidemiology of the Association Between Bacterial Infections and Cancer

Caygill, C. P. J.; Gatenby, Piers

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-2585-0_1

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 142 publications

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“…In the human clinical samples, esophageal tissue is continuously exposed to swallowed commensal bacteria from the oral cavity. Bacteria located within saliva include: Streptococcus, Neisseria, Veillonella, Fusobacterium, Bacteriodes, Lactobacillius , Staphylococcus , and Enterobacteriaceae [ 32 ]. While normally harmless, several species of Streptococcus are being investigated in relationship to the development of esophageal cancer.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of microbiota and toll-like receptor signaling pathway in esophageal adenocarcinoma

et al. 2016

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BackgroundToll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize known molecules from microbes and have an established role in tumorigenesis. Using a rat model of esophageal adenocarcinoma, and human clinical samples, we investigated genes central to TLR-mediated signal transduction and characterized the esophageal microbiome across the spectrum of esophageal adenocarcinoma carcinogenesis.MethodsWe surgically induced bile/acid reflux in rats and their esophagi were harvested at 40 weeks post-surgery. Tissue samples from the model were selected for gene expression profiling. Additionally, for rat and human samples microbiome analysis was performed using PCR-ESI-MS-TOF technology with validation by fluorescence in situ hybridization.ResultsGene expression results in the rat model indicated a significant upregulation of TLRs 1-3, 6, 7 and 9 in EAC compared to normal epithelium. PCR-ESI-MS-TOF analysis revealed a prevalence of Escherichia coli in Barrett’s esophagus (60 %) and esophageal adenocarcinoma (100 %), which was validated by fluorescence in situ hybridization. In the human clinical samples, Streptococcus pneumonia was detected in high abundance in gastroesophageal reflux disease and Barrett’s esophagus (50–70 %) in comparison to tumor adjacent normal epithelium, dysplasia, and esophageal adenocarcinoma (20–30 %). E. coli was detected in the Barrett’s esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma groups but was absent in the tumor adjacent normal epithelium, dysplasia, and the gastroesophageal reflux disease groups.ConclusionsWe demonstrated an association between the TLR signaling pathway and E. coli hinting towards possible early molecular changes being mediated by microbes in the rat model of esophageal adenocarcinoma carcinogenesis. Studies on human clinical samples also corroborate results to some extent; however, a study with larger sample size is needed to further explore this association.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-016-2093-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of microbiota and toll-like receptor signaling pathway in esophageal adenocarcinoma

et al. 2016

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“…While many studies claim possible links between bacteria and cancer formation (Caygill & Gatenby, 2012; Michaud, 2013; Shah et al, 2018), this topic itself is open for debate as the claims are mostly based on epidemiological evidence from tissue specimens of cancer patients and not fully supported by properly designed mechanistic models. A controlled mechanistic study where bacteria are introduced into healthy cells (or better still, healthy animals) to induce cancer and to study their impact on the host (chronic inflammation, dysregulated signaling pathways, genomic alterations, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While many studies claim possible links between bacteria and cancer formation (Caygill & Gatenby, 2012;Michaud, 2013;Shah et al, 2018), this topic itself is open for debate as the claims are mostly based on epidemiological evidence from tissue specimens of cancer patients and not fully supported by properly designed mechanistic models. A F I G U R E 2 (a) Surge in papers on the study of bacterial infection in cancer from the year 2000 to 2020.…”

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confidence: 99%

Bacterial infections in cancer: A bilateral relationship

Basu

Singh

Gupta

2022

WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol

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Bacteria share a long commensal relationship with the human body. New findings, however, continue to unravel many complexities associated with this old alliance. In the past decades, the dysbiosis of human microbiome has been linked to tumorigenesis, and more recently to spontaneous colonization of existing tumors. The topic, however, remains open for debate as the claims for causative-prevailing dual characteristics of bacteria are mostly based on epidemiological evidence rather than robust mechanistic models. There are also no reviews linking the collective impact of bacteria in tumor microenvironments to the efficacy of cancer drugs, mechanisms of pathogen-initiated cancer and bacterial colonization, personalized nanomedicine, nanotechnology, and antimicrobial resistance. In this review, we provide a holistic overview of the bilateral relationship between cancer and bacteria covering all these aspects. Our collated evidence from the literature does not merely categorize bacteria as cancer causative or prevailing agents, but also critically highlights the gaps in the literature where more detailed studies may be required to reach such a conclusion. Arguments are made in favor of dual drug therapies that can simultaneously co-target bacteria and cancer cells to overcome drug resistance. Also discussed are the opportunities for leveraging the natural colonization and remission power of bacteria for cancer treatment.

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“…For example, the carcinogenic action of the mycotoxin-aflatoxin has been established [2]. Recently, a definite correlation between bacterial toxins (especially of membranotoxins with hemolytic action) and the possible development of cancer has also been found [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Dangerous can be the Venom of Some Snakes from the Oncological Point of View?

Tg¹

2016

J Health Edu Res Dev

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Epidemiology of the Association Between Bacterial Infections and Cancer

Cited by 3 publications

References 142 publications

Associations of microbiota and toll-like receptor signaling pathway in esophageal adenocarcinoma

Associations of microbiota and toll-like receptor signaling pathway in esophageal adenocarcinoma

Bacterial infections in cancer: A bilateral relationship

How Dangerous can be the Venom of Some Snakes from the Oncological Point of View?

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