Epidemiology of Subclinical Mastitis in Dromedary Camels (Camelus dromedarius) of Two Distinct Agro-Ecological Zones of Pakistan

Ali, Mahboob; Avais, Muhammad; Ijaz, Muhammad; Chaudhary, Memoona; Hussain, Riaz; Aqib, Amjad Islam; Khan, Noor; Sohail, Muhammad; Khan, M. M.; Khan, Mumtaz Ali; Ahmad, Mukhtar; Hasni, Muhammad Sajid; Qaiser, Imran; Rashid, Ghazanfar; Haq, Ikramul; Khan, Ikramullah

doi:10.17582/journal.pjz/2019.51.2.527.532

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…is finding is inconsistent with the report of Zeryehun et al [41], Aqib et al [45], and Ali et al [46] whom reported a significant association of thin body condition score with the occurrence of mastitis in dromedary camel in Cholistan desert of Pakistan, pastoral area of Borena lowland of Southern Ethiopia, and Cholistan desert and Suleiman Mountain range of Pakistan, respectively. Hence, this area needs an indebt study to unveil the factors responsible for this difference.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

Camel Mastitis: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Isolation of Major Bacterial Pathogens in Gomole District of Borena Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Geresu

Leliso

Liben³

2021

Veterinary Medicine International

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As of other dairy animals, dromedary camel could be affected by mastitis, a complex disease occurring worldwide among dairy animals, with heavy economic losses largely due to clinical and subclinical mastitis. Yet, little is known about the occurrence and potential risk factors exposing to lactating camel mastitis in Ethiopia. Consequently, a cross-sectional study was carried out from November 2018 to April 2019 so as to determine the prevalence, associated risk factors, and major bacterial pathogens causing mastitis in traditionally managed lactating camels in Gomole district of Borena Zone. Consequently, 348 lactating camels were examined for clinical and subclinical mastitis, using California Mastitis Test (CMT). The overall prevalence of mastitis was 22.4% (78/348), including clinical 4.3% (15/348) and subclinical 18.1% (63/348) cases, respectively, whereas the quarter level prevalence of mastitis was 16.6% (232/1,392). Of the total 1,392 examined teats, the right hind (RHQ) (4.3%, 60/1392) and left hind quarters (LHQ) (4.3%, 60/1392) were the most frequently infected quarter, whereas the left front quarter (LFQ) (3.9%, 55/1392) was the least infected quarter. Age, body condition score, and lactation stages were significantly associated ( p < 0.05 ) with lactating camel mastitis prevalence among the putative risk factors. Among 312 quarters milk samples subjected to bacteriological examination, 69.9% (218/312) yielded mastitis causing pathogens, both Gram-positive and -negative bacterial isolates, while no growth was observed in 30.1% (94/312) of quarters sampled. Of the bacterial isolates obtained by culturing, Streptococcus spp. excluding Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) (26.1%; 57/218) and Coagulase negative Staphylococci (22.9%, 50/218) were the dominant isolates identified, whereas S. agalactiae (3.2%, 7/218) was the least isolates obtained. The prevalence of camel mastitis in the study area was found to be considerably high. Hence, implementation of integrated approaches has great importance in the study setting for the prevention and control of mastitis so as to improve quality of camel milk, minimize economic loss, and prevent significant public health risks.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 82%

Camel Mastitis: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Isolation of Major Bacterial Pathogens in Gomole District of Borena Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Geresu

Leliso

Liben³

2021

Veterinary Medicine International

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“…Additionally, our study found that udder and leg hygiene measures significantly influenced the prevalence of camel subclinical mastitis. Nevertheless, lactation stage is not significantly associated with the occurrence of camel mastitis in the study areas, with ( p > 0.05) consistent with the findings of Mahboob et al ( 28 ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Determination of prevalence of subclinical mastitis, characterization of intra-mammary infection-causing bacteria, and antibiotic susceptibility in dairy camels in Jigjiga City, Somali region, Ethiopia

Jama,

Hussein,

Darod

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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BackgroundSubclinical mastitis in camels, an inflammation of the udder without visible signs, can reduce milk quality and raise bacteria levels. Regular monitoring of camel milk is crucial for consumer safety.MethodsA cross sectional study was conducted in Jigjiga city, Ethiopia to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of subclinical mastitis in she-camels. The study included 244 lactating she-camels from three privately-owned camel dairy farms, and a questionnaire survey was conducted with 60 camel owners.ResultsThe overall prevalence of subclinical mastitis in she-camels was 10.6% (26/244), with no significant difference among the studied dairy farms. Risk factors that influenced the result of California Mastitis Test (CMT) included age and udder and leg hygiene. The study revealed that S. aureus was the most prevalent bacterium among the isolated bacteria, with a prevalence rate of 34.5%. This was followed by S. agalactiae, S. dysgalactiae, and Pasteurella multocida, with prevalence rates of 29.8, 19.4, and 16.2%, respectively. Among the isolated bacteria, 84.5% were sensitive to Erythromycin, 60% to Streptomycin, 44.7% to Oxytetracycline, and 36.7% to Tetracycline. Interviews with camel owners revealed that 66.7% used mixed herd grazing methods and reported feed shortage. Treatment practices for sick camels included modern veterinary drugs, traditional medicines, or a combination of both. The owners of camel dairy farms did not maintain proper hygiene practices during milking, such as not using soap when washing hands.ConclusionAddressing camel mastitis necessitates access to alternative drugs, comprehensive herder training, and enhanced management practices.

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“…Subclinical mastitis has been found to result in significant financial implications, as highlighted by various studies (Ali et al, 2019;Gramay and Ftiwi, 2018). Furthermore, subclinical mastitis has a greater impact on the productivity of lactating animals compared to sporadic clinical cases (Jilo et al, 2017).…”

Section: Economic Importance Of Camel Subclinical Mastitismentioning

confidence: 97%

Review on Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Camels

Djeddi,

Houssou,

Rabah

et al. 2024

Journal of Applied Veterinary Sciences

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Epidemiology of Subclinical Mastitis in Dromedary Camels (Camelus dromedarius) of Two Distinct Agro-Ecological Zones of Pakistan

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Camel Mastitis: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Isolation of Major Bacterial Pathogens in Gomole District of Borena Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Camel Mastitis: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Isolation of Major Bacterial Pathogens in Gomole District of Borena Zone, Southern Ethiopia

Determination of prevalence of subclinical mastitis, characterization of intra-mammary infection-causing bacteria, and antibiotic susceptibility in dairy camels in Jigjiga City, Somali region, Ethiopia

Review on Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Camels

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