Epidemiology of Stone Disease in Saudi Arabia with an Overview of the Regional Differences

El-Faqih, Salah R.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4471-4387-1_10

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…The periodontal parameters of each participant were evaluated at 6 sites using the Ramfjord teeth (16,21,24,36, 41 and 44) [22]. If an index tooth was absent, the tooth nearest in the sextant was examined.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Saudi Arabia it has been estimated that the expected life time risk of a renal stone episode is at least 50% higher than in the west countries, Reflecting the hot weather and dehydration that occur in these areas [16]. Renal calculi are formed when the urine is supersaturated with salt and minerals such as calcium oxalate and uric acid [15].It has been estimated that up to 90% of renal patients will show oral symptoms [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dental Calculus Formation among Recurrent Renal Calculi Formers

Tawfig¹

2017

IJDOH

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Background: Dental calculus is a form of hardened dental plaque of both inorganic (mineral) and organic (cellular and extracellular matrix) components. Whereas kidney (renal) calculi is a solid concentration or crystal aggregation formed in the kidneys from dietary minerals present in urine. Aim & Objective:The study aimed to investigate and explore the relationship between dental calculus formations among recurrent renal calculi formers. The objective was instigated due to the multiple shared features and the high prevalence of formation factors and the calcification process of dental calculus and renal calculi. Methods & Materials:The study was comprised of 65 patients of the lithotripsy clinic participated in the study; all volunteered after reviewing and accepting the study's proposal. The control group consisted of 31participants whilst the study group had 34 participants. Oral examination was carried out for both groups using the gingival index, plaque index, and oral hygiene index--calculus index, debris index. Saliva and urine samples were obtained to measure the levels of Calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), magnesium (Mg) and pH. Results: Plaque, Calculus and Gingival Indices showed High mean values among study group with significant differences compared to control group. Saliva and urinary samples resulted lower magnesium ions in the study group but not statistically difference compered to the control one, while high scores of calcium and phosphorus ions were found in the study group. Conclusion: After laboratory investigations and bio statistical analysis a relation has been found linking both conditions. In light of this result, urologist are advised to refer these patients to have follow up sessions in dental clinic to maintain their oral health.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental Calculus Formation among Recurrent Renal Calculi Formers

Tawfig¹

2017

IJDOH

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“…In Saudi Arabia, the expected lifetime risk of a stone episode is 50% higher than in the Western countries, with predominantly (82%) of calcium oxalate stones [27]. In addition, studies on stone formers in the Saudis have shown that the Saudi diet includes a higher intake of oxalate and lower intake of calcium than in the Western countries [27]. To prevent oxalate kidney stone disease, more steps appear to be required for decreasing the intake of oxalate-rich foods and increasing the intake of calciumrich foods [26].…”

Section: Journal Of Food and Nutrition Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…High intake of oxalate appears to play an important role in calcium oxalate kidney stone disease because of its absorption and excretion in urine [26]. In Saudi Arabia, the expected lifetime risk of a stone episode is 50% higher than in the Western countries, with predominantly (82%) of calcium oxalate stones [27]. In addition, studies on stone formers in the Saudis have shown that the Saudi diet includes a higher intake of oxalate and lower intake of calcium than in the Western countries [27].…”

Section: Journal Of Food and Nutrition Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Evaluation of Selected Traditional Foods Commonly Consumed in Saudi Arabia

AlFaris¹

2017

JFNR

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During the last few decades, Saudi Arabia experienced rapid nutritional transition associated with an alarming elevation in the prevalence of obesity and related chronic diseases. Traditional foods contribute to the usual diet of the population in Saudi Arabia and the nutritional evaluation of traditional foods is necessary to accurately estimate dietary intakes of the Saudi population. Therefore, the objective of the current work is to evaluate twentyfive traditional foods commonly consumed in Saudi Arabia based on their nutritional composition. Proximate composition and vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus, iron, phytate and oxalate content were investigated. On fresh weight basis, the analyzed foods contained 1.17-16.19% (N × 6.25) protein, 0.25-17.84% fat, 2.57-68.30% carbohydrate, 0.31-2.26% dietary fiber, 0.67-2.90% ash and 17-430 kcal/g. The vitamin D content ranged from 0.0-75.88 IU/100g. Mineral content (mg/100g) of calcium, phosphorus and iron were 13.62-91.37, 22.33-200.37 and 0.51-4.44 respectively. Phytate and oxalate content (mg/100g) were 2.25-148.52 and 1.02-48.63 respectively. The studied traditional foods contributed 15-91%, 3-69% and 2-30% of the total food energy from carbohydrate, fat and protein respectively. Data from this study will be important to clarify nutritional value and nutrient contribution from common traditional foods in Saudi Arabia. Saudi dietary guidelines should take into consideration, the nutritive value and health aspects of traditional foods.

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“…The possibility of kidney stones recurrence is approximately 10% -50% through 1 -5 years from the first infects of kidney stones [15]. In Saudi Arabia, the dehydration and hot weather are reflecting on the estimation of kidney stone risk on the life where the kidney stone incident is at least 50% more than the western countries and, up to 90% of these patients exhibit abnormal oral changes [16] [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Kidney Stones and Salivary Uric Acid on Dental Calculus Formation and Periodontal Status among Some Saudi Patients Aged 25 - 70 Years

Al-Abdaly¹,

Alharbi²,

Almoalem³

et al. 2020

IJCM

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Background: The formation of kidney stones is considered a complicated process. Consequently, there are many questions about the link between kidney stones formation and level of salivary uric acid and calculus formation on the teeth surfaces. Objectives: To evaluate the correlation between the level of salivary uric acid and kidney stones formation and their influence on dental calculus and periodontal status among Saudi patients aged 25-70 years. Materials and Methods: 120 Saudi male patients were examined (60 of Kidney stones patients and 60 patients of non-kidney stones patients) for clinical evaluation of plaque index (PLI), gingival index (GI), calculus index of oral hygiene (CI) and clinical attachment loss (CAL). Moreover, lab assessment of uric acid level in the collected salivary samples was done. The findings were analyzed using of ANOVA test and Tukey's test. Results: There were statistically significant differences in clinical parameters among kidney stones patients and non-kidney stones patients (p < 0.05), but these differences were highly statistically significant in the correlation between calculus index (CI), plaque index (PLI) and gingival index (GI) among kidney stone patients in group II, moreover, PLI and clinical attachment loss (CAL) among kidney stone patients in group III (p < 0.001). The statistical analyses revealed statistically significant differences in the level of salivary uric acid (mg/dl) in the comparison between kidney stones patients and non-kidney stones patients in group I and group III, whereas there were highly statistically significant in the comparison between kidney stones patients and non-kidney stones patients in group III. Conclusion: At the end of this study, we

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Epidemiology of Stone Disease in Saudi Arabia with an Overview of the Regional Differences

Cited by 6 publications

References 42 publications

Dental Calculus Formation among Recurrent Renal Calculi Formers

Dental Calculus Formation among Recurrent Renal Calculi Formers

Nutritional Evaluation of Selected Traditional Foods Commonly Consumed in Saudi Arabia

The Influence of Kidney Stones and Salivary Uric Acid on Dental Calculus Formation and Periodontal Status among Some Saudi Patients Aged 25 - 70 Years

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