Epidemiology of Prosthetic Dentistry in the Orthopedic Dentistry Clinic

Abstract

Introduction. The urgent task of orthopedic dentistry is the timely and optimal restoration of masticatory efficiency. Removable prosthetics remains one of the most popular methods of dental prosthetics. At the same time, removable prosthetics is associated with a number of clinical complications. An analysis of modern available domestic and foreign sources of literature on the epidemiology of prosthetic stomatitis, as well as the potential role of removable prostheses in the development of this disease, was carried out. Aim. To present the collected updated information from the current available systematic literature on the epidemiology of denture stomatitis, as well as the potential role of removable dentures in the development of the disease and make it accessible to orthopedic dentists. Materials and methods. A literature search was conducted using the electronic database PubMed to find studies related to the epidemiology and etiology of prosthetic stomatitis. The search period covered the period from January 2012 to December 2022, and 53 sources of literature were analysed. Results. A selection of 19 scientific articles was formed as a result of the conducted search and selection of scientific works that most closely corresponded to the set goal of the research. It was established that the prevalence of prosthetic stomatitis varies depending on a certain number of factors. According to the results of research by various authors, this disease affects from 20% to 80% of patients who use removable dentures. Variability of the prevalence of prosthetic stomatitis depends significantly on the age of the patient, gender, type of prosthesis, general health and oral hygiene of people using these structures. Analysis of data from an epidemiological study shows that the prevalence of prosthetic stomatitis among users of removable dentures varies from 20% to 80%. It is possible that the spread of stomatitis prevalence rates was influenced by conducting the study among various samples of the population. In general, the incidence of prosthetic stomatitis was higher among women and the elderly in the studies reviewed. Conclusions. The analysis of available sources of literature on the issue of epidemiology of prosthetic stomatitis allows to systematize the available modern developments, conduct their detailed analysis and make the obtained data available to practicing orthopedic dentists. The perspective of research consists in the detailed study of etiological factors contributing to the development of prosthetic stomatitis in patients with removable prostheses.