Epidemiology of Primary Sjögren's Syndrome in a French Multiracial/Multiethnic Area

Maldini, Carla; Séror, Raphaèle; Fain, Olivier; Dhôte, Robin; Amoura, Zahir; Bandt, M. De; Delassus, Jean‐Luc; Falgarone, Géraldine; Guillevin, Loı̈c; Guern, Véronique Le; Lhote, F.; Meyer, Olivier; Ramanoelina, J.; Sacré, Karim; Uzunhan, Y.; Leroux, Jean‐Paul; Mariette, Xavier; Mahr, Alfred

doi:10.1002/acr.22115

Cited by 120 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In total, 7 of 18 studies regarding the prevalence of pSS fulfilled ‘good’ quality criteria 13 14 16––19 29. The other 11 studies were designed as sample surveys in which patients with pSS were initially found through questionnaires and then diagnosed using clinical examination based on established diagnostic criteria.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of primary Sjögren's syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2014

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of primary Sjögren's syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2014

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“…Thus, characteristic features are sicca symptoms, including dry eyes and dry mouth [3]. The prevalence of SS has been shown to be between 0.01% and 0.6% [4][5][6]. Several reasons for this variation have been identified, including the use of different classification criteria, selection bias, and whether the study is of a population-based cohort or represents hospital case series [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Adipose tissue is prominent in salivary glands of Sjögren’s syndrome patients and appears to influence the microenvironment in these organs

et al. 2016

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A minor salivary gland (SG) biopsy with focal lymphocytic sialadenitis and a focus score of ≥1 is today's widely accepted pathological finding confirming the SG component of Sjögren's syndrome (SS). Adipocytes can occupy a large percentage of the SG area although little is known about their significance in SS lesions. This study aimed to characterise adipose tissue infiltration in labial SG biopsies from 27 SS patients and 28 non-SS sicca controls. Biopsies were evaluated by one oral pathologist and assessed for focus score, acinar atrophy, fatty replacement and non-specific chronic inflammation. Moreover, to explore the SG microenvironment, immunohistochemical staining of paraffin-embedded SG tissue was performed using interleukin-6 (IL-6). The fatty replacement was evident in all SS patients possessing autoantibodies (Ro/SSA and/or La/SSB) as well as a positive SG biopsy (focus score ≥1). Additionally, 62% of SS patients having autoantibodies but a negative biopsy showed fatty infiltration (FI) while non-SS controls demonstrated fatty replacement in only 32% of the cases. Overall, the SS group (mean age 53.0 years) had a significantly higher incidence (p value 0.005) of FI than the non-SS controls (mean age 54.8 years). Interestingly, adipocytes were located in IL-6 rich areas, and IL-6 positive adipocytes were detected. As fat deposition seems to be more recurrent in SGs affected by SS, we propose the assessment of adipose tissue replacement as a helpful tool for diagnostic evaluation in SS. Detection of IL-6 positive adipocytes suggests their involvement in immune reactions. Still, functional studies are needed to investigate the SG microenvironment further.

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“…SS predominantly affects middleaged women, with a reported incidence of 3-11 cases per 100,000 persons and a reported prevalence between 0.01 and 0.72% [5][6][7] . Just recently, the first evidence of a strong influence of geolocation and ethnicity on the phenotype of primary SS at diagnosis was reported.…”

Section: Sjögren Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarkers in Autoimmune Salivary Gland Disorders: A Review

Hofauer

Thuermel

Gahleitner

et al. 2017

ORL

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Salivary glands are frequent sites of manifestations of autoimmune disorders in the head and neck. Sjögren syndrome, sarcoidosis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, and IgG4-related sialadenitis represent the most important autoimmune salivary gland disorders. Due to the lack of specific symptoms, diagnosis of these conditions remains a challenge. Diagnosis is usually based on classification criteria involving clinical tests, histopathological evaluation, and serological examinations. Depending on the disease, biomarkers are of different value and have to be interpreted carefully. In Sjögren syndrome, antibodies against Ro/SS-A and La/SS-B are essential and part of established classification criteria. In sarcoidosis, biomarkers such as angiotensin-converting enzyme, serum amyloid A, adenosine deaminase, and soluble interleukin-2 receptor are not suitable to confirm a diagnosis due to low sensitivity and specificity, but allow a differentiation between active and inactive disease. In patients with suspected granulomatosis with polyangiitis, positivity for anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) allows a diagnosis without histopathological confirmation in selected cases. In the head and neck, limited manifestations are common, in which less patients are positive for ANCA and histopathological confirmation is required. Diagnosis of IgG4-related sialadenitis solely based on elevated IgG4 serum levels is not possible. The concentration of blood plasmablasts is reported to have a higher diagnostic value.

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Epidemiology of Primary Sjögren's Syndrome in a French Multiracial/Multiethnic Area

Cited by 120 publications

References 44 publications

Epidemiology of primary Sjögren's syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Epidemiology of primary Sjögren's syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Adipose tissue is prominent in salivary glands of Sjögren’s syndrome patients and appears to influence the microenvironment in these organs

Biomarkers in Autoimmune Salivary Gland Disorders: A Review

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