Epidemiology of pneumococcal diseases in Spain after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines

Marimón, José María; Ardanuy, Carmen

doi:10.1016/j.eimc.2020.02.016

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Globally, S. pneumoniae causes over 800,000 deaths in children and 13.8 million cases of pneumonia each year. Different vaccines have been generated against the most prevalent S. pneumoniae serotypes, of which the conjugate 13-valent (PCV13) and the polysaccharide-based 23-valent (PCV23) are often used ( 4 ). The use of antibiotics is becoming compromised by the ever-increasing appearance of antibiotic-resistant strains ( 5 – 7 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The TLR4-MyD88 Signaling Axis Regulates Lung Monocyte Differentiation Pathways in Response to Streptococcus pneumoniae

et al. 2020

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Streptococcus pneumoniae is the main cause of bacterial pneumonia, a condition that currently produces significant global morbidity and mortality. The initial immune response to this bacterium occurs when the innate system recognizes common motifs expressed by many pathogens, events driven by pattern recognition receptors like the Toll-like family receptors (TLRs). In this study, lung myeloid-cell populations responsible for the innate immune response (IIR) against S. pneumoniae, and their dependence on the TLR4-signaling axis, were analyzed in TLR4 −/− and Myeloid-Differentiation factor-88 deficient (MyD88 −/−) mice. Neutrophils and monocyte-derived cells were recruited in infected mice 3-days post-infection. Compared to wild-type mice, there was an increased bacterial load in both these deficient mouse strains and an altered IIR, although TLR4 −/− mice were more susceptible to bacterial infection. These mice also developed fewer alveolar macrophages, weaker neutrophil infiltration, less Ly6C high monocyte differentiation and a disrupted classical and non-classical monocyte profile. The pro-inflammatory cytokine profile (CXCL1, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) was also severely affected by the lack of TLR4 and no induction of Th1 was observed in these mice. The respiratory burst (ROS production) after infection was profoundly dampened in TLR4 −/− and MyD88 −/− mice. These data demonstrate the complex dynamics of myeloid populations and a key role of the TLR4-signaling axis in the IIR to S. pneumoniae, which involves both the MyD88 and TRIF (Toll/IL-1R domain-containing adaptor-inducing IFN-β) dependent pathways.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The TLR4-MyD88 Signaling Axis Regulates Lung Monocyte Differentiation Pathways in Response to Streptococcus pneumoniae

et al. 2020

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“…Un aumento del número total de casos notificados de ENI se ha observado también en Cataluña comparando los periodos 2010-2014 y 2017-2018 24 , 25 . Aunque esta tendencia ascendente en los casos totales de ENI está sin duda influenciada por algunos cambios introducidos en el sistema de notificaciones (la ENI es enfermedad de declaración obligatoria desde 2015), no puede descartarse un agotamiento del potencial impacto actual de los programas de vacunación con las actuales formulaciones VNC13 y VNP23 26 , 27 , 28 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Epidemiología de la neumonía neumocócica en adultos mayores de 50 años: estudio de cohortes en Cataluña, 2017-2018

Ochoa-Gondar¹,

Torras-Vives²,

Diego-Cabanes³

et al. 2023

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“…As it already happened in multicenter studies carried out in our country and at a European level, a significant reduction in IPD caused by serotypes included in PCV-13 has been seen. It should be noted that this effect has been magnified in communities that had included the universal childhood vaccination program earlier [ 26 ]. Another reason could be cross immunity as observed against serotypes not included in PCV-10 before the implementation of PCV-13, with a decrease in the incidence of serotype 19A (which is not included in PCV-10) [ 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolution, Clinical and Microbiological Characteristics of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease since the Introduction of the Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine 13-Valent in Adults over 18 Years Old

et al. 2021

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Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) presents high mortality in the population at risk. The aim of this work is to know the evolution, clinical and microbiological characteristics of IPD in the adult population of Majorca, since the introduction of a public funded program for pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-13) in the pediatric population in the Balearic Islands in 2016. For this purpose, a retrospective multicenter study was carried out in which all episodes of IPD in adult patients from the four hospitals of the public health system of Majorca were included, comparing the periods between 2012 and 2015 and between 2016 and 2019. Clinical variables, serotypes and antibiotic sensitivity were collected. There were 498 cases of IPD; 56.8% were male with a mean age of 67 (standard deviation: 16). Most infections were bacterial pneumonias (73.7%). Of the total cases, 264 (53%) presented complications. Of the 498 cases, 351 strains were obtained, of which 145 (41.3%) belong to vaccinal serotypes (included in the PCV-13 vaccine) and 206 (58.7%) to non-vaccinal serotypes (not included in the PCV-13 vaccine). The percentage of IPD caused by vaccinal serotypes was lower in the second period (47.8% vs. 34.5%; p = 0.012).

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Epidemiology of pneumococcal diseases in Spain after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines

Cited by 10 publications

References 56 publications

The TLR4-MyD88 Signaling Axis Regulates Lung Monocyte Differentiation Pathways in Response to Streptococcus pneumoniae

The TLR4-MyD88 Signaling Axis Regulates Lung Monocyte Differentiation Pathways in Response to Streptococcus pneumoniae

Epidemiología de la neumonía neumocócica en adultos mayores de 50 años: estudio de cohortes en Cataluña, 2017-2018

Evolution, Clinical and Microbiological Characteristics of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease since the Introduction of the Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine 13-Valent in Adults over 18 Years Old

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