Epidemiology of pertussis in French hospitals in 1993 and 1994: thirty years after a routine use of vaccination

Baron, S.; Njamkepo, Elisabeth; Grimprel, E.; Bègué, P; Desenclos, Jean‐Claude; Drucker, J; Guiso, Nicole

doi:10.1097/00006454-199805000-00013

Cited by 228 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Despite the availability of effective vaccines for several decades, pertussis continues to be a public health problem in many European countries ; circulating widely in countries with low vaccine coverage and reportedly re-emerging in other highly vaccinated populations [1][2][3][4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The seroepidemiology of Bordetella pertussis infection in Western Europe

Pebody¹,

GAY²,

et al. 2004

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SUMMARYHigh titres of pertussis toxin (PT) antibody have been shown to be predictive of recent infection with Bordetella pertussis. The seroprevalence of standardized anti-PT antibody was determined in six Western European countries between 1994 and 1998 and related to historical surveillance and vaccine programme data. Standardized anti-PT titres were calculated for a series of whole-cell and acellular pertussis vaccine trials. For the serological surveys, high-titre sera (>125 units/ml) were distributed throughout all age groups in both high-(>90 %) and low-coverage (<90 %) countries. High-titre sera were more likely in infants in countries using high-titre-producing vaccines in their primary programme (Italy, 11 . 5% ; Western Germany, 13 . 3 % ; France, 4 . 3% ; Eastern Germany, 4 . 0%) compared to other countries (The Netherlands, 0 . 5 %; Finland, 0 %). Recent infection was significantly more likely in adolescents (10-19 years old) and adults in high-coverage countries (Finland, The Netherlands, France, East Germany), whereas infection was more likely in children (3-9 years old) than adolescents in low-coverage (<90% ; Italy, West Germany, United Kingdom) countries. The impact and role of programmatic changes introduced after these surveys aimed at protecting infants from severe disease by accelerating the primary schedule or vaccinating older children and adolescents with booster doses can be evaluated with this approach.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The seroepidemiology of Bordetella pertussis infection in Western Europe

Pebody¹,

GAY²,

et al. 2004

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“…An increase in the number of new cases has been observed in vaccinated adolescents and adults, who may contaminate infants who are not yet fully immunized. [2][3][4][5] Since 1998, the administration of a pertussis booster at age 11-13 years has been recommended in France and other countries in Europe and North America. Subsequent recommendations established in 2004 have promulgated the use of a second booster in adults who are in contact with infants, these include health professionals in contact with children who are too young to have received three pertussis vaccinations (medical and paramedical staff in maternity, neonatal and pediatric departments managing infants, and medical and paramedical students), adults who are liable to become parents in the near future, and members of the household of a pregnant woman (children whose vaccinations are not up-to-date or adults who have not been vaccinated within the last 10 years).…”

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confidence: 99%

Safety of Tdap-IPV given one month after Td-IPV booster in healthy young adults: A placebo-controlled trial

Beytout

Launay²,

Guiso³

et al. 2009

Human Vaccines

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IntroductionPertussis ("whooping cough") is potentially fatal in infants. 1 Over the last 50 years, infant vaccination programs have significantly reduced the clinical incidence of pertussis in industrialized countries. 1 However, protection against the infectious agent-the bacterium Bordetella pertussis-is only effective for about ten years. An increase in the number of new cases has been observed in vaccinated adolescents and adults, who may contaminate infants who are not yet fully immunized. [2][3][4][5] Since 1998, the administration of a pertussis booster at age 11-13 years has been recommended in France and other countries in Europe and North America. Subsequent recommendations established in 2004 have promulgated the use of a second booster in adults who are in contact with infants, these include health professionals in contact with children who are too young to have received three pertussis vaccinations (medical and paramedical staff in maternity, neonatal and pediatric departments managing infants, and medical and paramedical students), adults who are liable to become parents in the near future, and members of the household of a pregnant woman (children whose vaccinations are not up-to-date or adults who have not been vaccinated within the last 10 years). 2,[6][7][8] The administration of the pertussis booster in adults is complicated by the lack of any non-combined acellular pertussis vaccine. All available pertussis-booster vaccines for use in adults associate diphtheria, tetanus and/or poliovirus antigens. In France, there are currently two such vaccines: REPEVAX ® [manufactured by Sanofi Pasteur and licensed by Sanofi Pasteur MSD in the European Union (EU) and as ADACEL Polio ® outside the EU] and BOOSTRIX-TETRA ® (GlaxoSmithKline). 9,10 Both are combined adsorbed tetanus, diphtheria (adult formulation), acellular pertussis, inactivated poliovirus vaccines (Tdap-IPV). Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) has been used since the beginning of polio vaccination in France, and is included in all booster formulations (administered every 10 years in adults). Results: The safety of Tdap-IPV was similar when Tdap-IPV vaccine was administered one month after either Td-IPV or placebo: at seven days, 85.1% versus 93.4% subjects reported at least one reaction at the injection site, mainly pain (82.6% versus 92.1%); 40.5% versus 45.0%, at least one systemic AE (mainly headache: 26.4% versus 26.0%); fever concerned 1.7% of both groups. No serious vaccine-related AEs were reported. Both safety profiles corresponded to documented product characteristics.Conclusions: Tdap-IPV may be administered to adults one month after Td-IPV without exacerbating post-vaccination sideeffects.

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“…20 Reasons for this include: waning immunity following both natural infection and immunisation, 11,20,21,22 The increase in pertussis in adolescents and adults in NSW is of concern because they may serve as reservoirs of infection for partially immunised infants. 13,20,21,25 In studies from the United States, 26 France, 27 adolescents with a coughing illness of at least 1 week's duration have pertussis. 30,31 This proportion may change depending on the nature of pertussis activity at the time; during pertussis epidemics this may be higher than at other times.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EPIREVIEW: Pertussis in New South Wales, 1993–2005: the impact of vaccination policy on pertussis epidemiology

Viney

McAnulty

Campbell‐Lloyd

2007

NSW Public Health Bull.

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Pertussis, or whooping cough, is a highly contagious disease caused by the bacteria Bordetella pertussis. The disease is characterised by paroxysmal cough, inspiratory whoop and post-tussive vomiting. 1 Pertussis is transmitted via direct contact with discharges from the respiratory tract of infected individuals (probably via droplets), and the incubation period is 9-10 days on average. 2 A secondary attack rate of 90% has been recorded in non-immune household contacts. 2 Worldwide, the incidence of pertussis has been reported to be highest in children under 5 years, except where infant vaccination programs have achieved consistently high vaccination rates. 2 In NSW, there have been several changes to the immunisation schedule affecting pertussis vaccination in recent years. From 1985, a combined whole cell diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis vaccine (DTPw) was included in the immunisation schedule at ages 2, 4 and 6 months, with a booster at 18 months. 3 In 1994, a fifth dose was introduced Methods: Surveillance data from the NSW Notifiable Diseases Database was reviewed for the period. Results: 35695 cases of pertussis were notified; annual incidence rates varied from 18.4 to 84.2 per 100000 people. The highest rates of pertussis were consistently found in infants aged 0-6 months. Rates of disease in other age groups changed markedly over the study period, with high rates currently observed in adult age groups. Conclusions: New strategies may be needed to control pertussis in infants and in adults who now comprise the largest proportion of cases.

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Epidemiology of pertussis in French hospitals in 1993 and 1994: thirty years after a routine use of vaccination

Cited by 228 publications

References 31 publications

The seroepidemiology of Bordetella pertussis infection in Western Europe

The seroepidemiology of Bordetella pertussis infection in Western Europe

Safety of Tdap-IPV given one month after Td-IPV booster in healthy young adults: A placebo-controlled trial

EPIREVIEW: Pertussis in New South Wales, 1993–2005: the impact of vaccination policy on pertussis epidemiology

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