Epidemiology of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Partinen, M; Telakivi, T

doi:10.1093/sleep/15.suppl_6.s1

Cited by 159 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…A consecutive series of male patients, referred to our outpatient clinic because of excessive daytime sleepiness, were analyzed by noc turnal polysomnography (PSG) [13]. For the present study 19 patients (average age 54 years, range 41-71 years) with an apnea and hypopnea index > 10/h were considered.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Muscle Activity in Legs in Sleep Apnea Patients before and during nCPAP Therapy

Briellmann¹,

Mathis²,

Bassetti³

et al. 1997

Eur Neurol

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Nocturnal muscle activity in legs (MAL) was studied in 19 patients with sleep apnea syndrome before and during nCPAP. We distinguished periodic (P-MAL) and nonperiodic (N-MAL) as well as apnea-associated and independent MALs. N-MALs were strongly associated with apneas and disappeared during nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP). P-MALs showed a rather long intermovement interval (IMI) of about 54 s when associated with respiratory disturbances and a shorter one of about 38 s when occurring independently. In 5 patients with predominantly independent P-MALs and a short IMI before and during nCPAP an incidental coexistence of sleep apnea with periodic leg movements in sleep syndrome (PLMS) was postulated. Five patients with an equal number of apnea-associated and independent MALs before nCPAP had a long IMI which shortened under nCPAP, while the majority of MALs become independent. This could indicate a facilitating or an unmasking effect of nCPAP on PLMS. Four patients with predominantly apnea-associated MALs with a long IMI before nCPAP showed an unchanged MAL pattern under nCPAP, despite the disappearance of apneas. Since some arousals persisted in these patients, insufficient nCPAP pressure with an upper airway resistance syndrome was suspected. We conclude that when P-MALs persist under nCPAP therapy a long IMI may indicate an upper airway resistance syndrome, whereas a short IMI may indicate a coexisting or even induced PLMS.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of Muscle Activity in Legs in Sleep Apnea Patients before and during nCPAP Therapy

Briellmann¹,

Mathis²,

Bassetti³

et al. 1997

Eur Neurol

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“…During apparent REM sleep, they lie down with eyelids closed, eyes and ears twitching, and the head falling until it rests on the animal's side, presumably reflecting the loss of muscle tone observed during REM sleep in other mammals [97]. Asian elephants (Elaphus maximus) also appear to engage in NREM sleep while standing, but lie down for REM sleep [98]. Similarly, sea otters (Enhydra lutris) can float on their back with their head held up and out of the water during apparent NREM sleep, but during REM sleep they roll on their side and the head falls below the surface [99].…”

Section: (I) Direct Observationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When feasible, head-mounted devices provide the best measure of wakefulness-related movements under such conditions. In elephants, movement of the trunk appears to provide an even more accurate measure of wakefulness than movement of the head [98,106]. Finally, activity monitoring devices can detect 'false' wake-like movements in a sleeping animal resulting from the environment (e.g.…”

Section: (Iii) Actigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

Sleep research goes wild: new methods and approaches to investigate the ecology, evolution and functions of sleep

Rattenborg

Iglesia

Kempenaers

et al. 2017

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

133

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Despite being a prominent aspect of animal life, sleep and its functions remain poorly understood. As with any biological process, the functions of sleep can only be fully understood when examined in the ecological context in which they evolved. Owing to technological constraints, until recently, sleep has primarily been examined in the artificial laboratory environment. However, new tools are enabling researchers to study sleep behaviour and neurophysiology in the wild. Here, we summarize the various methods that have enabled sleep researchers to go wild, their strengths and weaknesses, and the discoveries resulting from these first steps outside the laboratory. The initial studies to 'go wild' have revealed a wealth of interindividual variation in sleep, and shown that sleep duration is not even fixed within an individual, but instead varies in response to an assortment of ecological demands. Determining the costs and benefits of this inter- and intraindividual variation in sleep may reveal clues to the functions of sleep. Perhaps the greatest surprise from these initial studies is that the reduction in neurobehavioural performance resulting from sleep loss demonstrated in the laboratory is not an obligatory outcome of reduced sleep in the wild.This article is part of the themed issue 'Wild clocks: integrating chronobiology and ecology to understand timekeeping in free-living animals'.

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“…Sleep breathing disturbances, diabetes mellitus (particularly type 2) and obesity are all, independently or in combinations, associated with increased morbidity and mortality, especially of cardiovascular origin [1±3]. The relationship between obesity and sleep breathing disturbances has been established [4,5]. The same is true regarding the relationship between obesity and insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and clinical type 2 diabetes [3,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of habitual snoring and obesity in the development of diabetes: a 10‐year follow‐up study in a male population

Elmasry

Janson

Lindberg

et al. 2000

Journal of Internal Medicine

178

119

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Abstract. Elmasry A, Janson C, Lindberg E, Gislason T, Tageldin MA, Boman G (Uppsala University, Akademiska Sjukhuset, Uppsala, Sweden; Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; and Viffilsstadir Hospital, Gardabñr, Iceland). The role of habitual snoring and obesity in the development of diabetes: a 10-year follow-up study in a male population. J Intern Med 2000; 248: 13±20.Objectives. There are many similarities between diabetes (mainly type 2) and sleep breathing disturbances regarding risk factors, anthropometric criteria and consequences of morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the association between habitual snoring and diabetes is entirely dependent on obesity. Design. A population-based prospective study. Setting. The municipality of Uppsala, Sweden. Subjects and methods. In 1984 and in 1994, 2668 men aged 30±69 years at baseline answered questionnaires concerning sleep breathing disturbances and somatic diseases.Results. Of those with habitual snoring in 1984, 5.4% reported that they had developed diabetes during the 10-year period compared with 2.4% of those without habitual snoring (P , 0.001). Amongst obese snorers, 13.5% developed diabetes compared with 8.6% of obese non-snorers (P = 0.17). In a multiple logistic regression model, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for development of diabetes was higher in obese snorers [7.0 (2.9±16.9)] than in obese non-snorers [5.1 (2.7±9.5)] after adjustment for age, weight gain, smoking, alcohol dependence and physical inactivity. Conclusions. We conclude that, in males aged 30± 69 years, habitual snoring is associated with an increased incidence of diabetes within 10 years. Although obesity is the main risk factor for developing diabetes, coexistent habitual snoring may add to this hazard.

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Epidemiology of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Cited by 159 publications

References 0 publications

Patterns of Muscle Activity in Legs in Sleep Apnea Patients before and during nCPAP Therapy

Patterns of Muscle Activity in Legs in Sleep Apnea Patients before and during nCPAP Therapy

Sleep research goes wild: new methods and approaches to investigate the ecology, evolution and functions of sleep

The role of habitual snoring and obesity in the development of diabetes: a 10‐year follow‐up study in a male population

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