Epidemiology of Multidrug Resistance among Salmonella enterica serovars typhi and paratyphi A at a Tertiary Pediatric Hospital in India Over a Decade; In-silico Approach to Elucidate the Molecular Mechanism of Quinolone Resistance

Manoharan, Anand; Dey, Dipjyoti; Putlibai, Sulochana; Ramaiah, Sudha; Anbarasu, Anand; Balasubramanian, Sowmya

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2022.03.050

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in enteric fever from Chandigarh from 2018-2020 denotes chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole and ampicillin sensitivity as 95%, 94.7% and 100%, respectively; and ceftriaxone, azithromycin and ciprofloxacin sensitivity as 94.7%, 100% and 9.5%, respectively; (personal communication, Dr Madhu Gupta). Similar findings have been reported from other regions of India [4]. We wish to highlight the growing evidence on cyclical use of antimicrobials i.e., revisiting old-generation antibiotics for effective clinical management can prove a useful weapon in our armamentarium, while following principles of antibiotic stewardship.…”

Section: Old Is Often Gold In Typhoid Feversupporting

confidence: 73%

Old is Often Gold in Typhoid Fever

Mahajan

Singla

2022

Indian Pediatr

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Section: Old Is Often Gold In Typhoid Feversupporting

confidence: 73%

Old is Often Gold in Typhoid Fever

Mahajan

Singla

2022

Indian Pediatr

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“…Resistance to fluoroquinolone was high (95%) but resistance to chloramphenicol, co-trimoxazole and ampicillin was less than 3%. 22 A meta-analysis by Khatami et al of the articles on enteric fever published between 1983 to 2019 reported a 2.9% resistance to ciprofloxacin, 48% resistance to nalidixic acid, 37.9% to ampicillin, 3.5% to Co-trimoxazole. Resistance of S. typhi to other drugs included chloramphenicol (27%), cefepime (7%), cefixime (5.8%), imipenem (2.7%) and meropenem (2.2%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Emerging Pattern of Sensitivity of Salmonella Typhi: A Single Centre Experience.

Iqbal,

Afridi,

Awan

et al. 2024

JMS

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NEW EMERGING PATTERN OF SENSITIVTIY OF SALMONELLA TYPHI: A SINGLE CENTRE EXPERIENCE. ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the current sensitivity patterns of Salmonella typhi in population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Materials and methods: This descriptive observational study was conducted in Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan. A total of 388 blood culture proven salmonella typhi patients were included in the study. All samples reported salmonella typhi. MDR-typhoid defined as resistance to three first-line antibiotics (chloramphenicol, ampicillin and cotrimoxazole) used to treat typhoid fever. XDR-typhoid defined as resistance to the three first-line drugs as well as quinolones plus third-generation cephalosporins. Results: Among the total of 388 patients, 245(63%) were male and 143(37%) were female. The mean age was 28.61±14.87 years. Fever was the predominant symptom (99.5%), affecting mainly young patients (84%). Salmonella typhi showed 100% sensitivity to Imipenem and Meropenem, and 92% to azithromycin. S. typhi showed 95% resistance to ciprofloxacin, 92% to cefixime and 86% to ceftriaxone. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) S. typhi was found in around 91.4% of blood cultures, whereas extended-drug-resistant (XDR) S. typhi was isolated from 91% cultures. Conclusion: Our study showed high percentage of XDR and MDR Salmonella typhi which is an alarming situation, especially in younger population of the province.

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“…Another challenge for the control of enteric fever is the emergence and rapid spread of anti-microbial resistance. The resistant rates of isolates of S. Paratyphi A as well as S. Typhi to fluoroquinolone increased dramatically during the past decades (Yaxian et al, 2015;Browne et al, 2020;Rahman et al, 2021;Manoharan et al, 2022). Furthermore, the high incidence rate of enteric fever in epidemic areas commonly leads to substantial overtreatment of suspected cases with unnecessary antimicrobials to prevent possible serious consequences.…”

Section: The Global Burden Of Paratyphoid Fevermentioning

confidence: 99%

Paratyphoid Fever A: Infection and Prevention

Xie

Ding

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Enteric fever is caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A, B, and C. While S. Typhi remains the primary causative agent of enteric fever, S. Paratyphi A is responsible for an increasing portion of enteric fever incidence. However, the current available vaccines for enteric fever are all developed from S. Typhi, and lack adequate cross immune protection against paratyphoid fever A. Therefore, paratyphoid A vaccines are urgently needed. The present paper reviews the latest progresses in pathogenesis, global burden, infection features of paratyphoid fever A, as well as the status of vaccine development, highlighting the necessity for the development of vaccines against paratyphoid fever A.

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Epidemiology of Multidrug Resistance among Salmonella enterica serovars typhi and paratyphi A at a Tertiary Pediatric Hospital in India Over a Decade; In-silico Approach to Elucidate the Molecular Mechanism of Quinolone Resistance

Cited by 9 publications

References 25 publications

Old is Often Gold in Typhoid Fever

Old is Often Gold in Typhoid Fever

New Emerging Pattern of Sensitivity of Salmonella Typhi: A Single Centre Experience.

Paratyphoid Fever A: Infection and Prevention

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