Epidemiology of malaria in an area with pyrethroid-resistant vectors in south-western Burkina Faso: a pre-intervention study

Abstract

Background: The objective of this study was to update malaria epidemiological profile prior to the implementation of a randomized controlled trial aiming to evaluate the efficacy of new vector control tools in complementary to the use of long-lasting insecticidal nets in Burkina Faso. Methods: We carried out active and passive cross-sectional surveys to estimate the prevalence and incidence of malaria infection from August 2016 to July 2017 in 27 villages of the Diebougou health district. Results: With the passive survey, we extracted data from 4814 patients included in the study from August 2016 to July 2017. Malaria incidence showed a seasonal distribution, with an overall incidence rate estimated at 414.3 per 1000 person-years. In the active cross sectional surveys, we enrolled 2839, 2594 and 2337 participants respectively in September 2016, December 2016 and June 2017. Prevalence of malaria infection were respectively 41.5%, 43.5% and 32.3% in September 2016, in December 2016 and June 2017. Multivariate analysis showed that girls seemed to have a lower risk of malaria infection (OR = 0.86; 95% CI = 0.79 - 0.95; p = 0.004). The risk of malaria infection was significantly lower in third survey (June 2017) at the beginning of the rainy season (OR = 0.69; 95% CI = 0.6 - 0.8; p < 0.001) compared to the first survey (September 2016) which was performed during the rainy season. Children aged 6 to 59 months had a higher risk of malaria infection compared to those aged 10 to 17 years (OR = 0.58; 95% CI = 0.51 - 0.66). Conclusion: Malaria burden remains high in this region of Burkina Faso despite substantial efforts made in malaria control during this current decade. Children under 5 years old were subject of malaria burden in this setting. This results reinforce the urgent need to develop alternative control strategies to complement those already existing. Key words : Malaria, Morbidity, Vector control, Resistance, Burkina Faso.

Malaria and Lymphatic Filariasis Co-Transmission in Endemic Health Districts in Burkina Faso

“…Currently, the country has made significant efforts in preventing malaria by vector control through longlasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) of insecticides [11] [12]. Despite these efforts, malaria remains endemic and is responsible of many cases of morbidity and mortality in the country [13].…”