Epidemiology of Lung Disease in Older Persons

Fragoso, Carlos A. Vaz

doi:10.1016/j.cger.2017.06.003

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In contrast, advanced age is evidently related to malignancy. This is also confirmed by the present study (11). Inevitably, life expectancy is shorter in a patient diagnosed with cancer who also requires ICU treatment associated with accompanying disorders, and age is also related to prolonged MV in the elderly (12).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…However, age is a factor indirectly affecting the observed frequency of the disease, leading a change on the balance by a path that did not exist in the account. Studies have demonstrated that ageing is associated with an increased susceptibility to PD (10,11). Despite the study's limited sample population, it was shown that PD and malignancy frequency decreased related to advancing age.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

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Retrospective Analysis of Cost and Factors Affecting Mortality in Elderly Patients in the Intensive Care Unit

Irmak¹,

Adıgüzel²,

Tunçay³

et al. 2020

tjgeri

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The older population of the world continues to grow. Currently, 8.5% of people worldwide are above 65 years, leading to an increased frequency of intensive care unit admission. This study aimed to assess the cost and factors affecting mortality in elderly patients. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients aged over 65 years admitted to the tertiary intensive care unit. The demographics including age, gender, body mass index, comorbidities, Glasgow coma scale scores, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II, the Charlson comorbidity index scores, diagnosis, blood gas analysis results, type of mechanical ventilation, length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), time of death and cost of ICU stay were obtained from the government electronic mortality declaration system. Results: This study evaluated 1401 patients with a mean age of 75.73 ± 6.92, where the mean BMI was 25.31 ± 7.03. Most of the patients (n=714, 51%) belonged to the 65-75 years old group while 569 (40.6%) belonged to the 75-85 years old group and 118 (8.4%) were over 85 years old. Mortality rates were the following: 28-day mortality rate, 41.7%; 1-year mortality rate, 66.4% and 2-year mortality rate, 75%. The mean cost of ICU stay was 7992.95 ± 10166.33 ₺, and the mean cost of hospital stay was 8211.28 ± 10172.41 ₺. Conclusion: It is shown that comorbidities increased as age advanced, and sepsis remains the leading cause of death in short-term and long-term periods in the elderly population admitted to the ICU.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Retrospective Analysis of Cost and Factors Affecting Mortality in Elderly Patients in the Intensive Care Unit

Irmak¹,

Adıgüzel²,

Tunçay³

et al. 2020

tjgeri

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The physical environment of the lung may also contribute to the efficiency of viral transmission. In fact, the elderly are more susceptible to many infections due to the aging-related changes in this environment [282,283], such as decreased strength of respiratory muscles, reduced lung elasticity, and lowered vital capacity [283]. As a result of all these changes, the expulsion of infectious agents through breathing, cough reflex, or sneezing is impaired.…”

Section: Human (Host) Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Why COVID-19 Transmission Is More Efficient and Aggressive Than Viral Transmission in Previous Coronavirus Epidemics?

2020

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is causing a pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The worldwide transmission of COVID-19 from human to human is spreading like wildfire, affecting almost every country in the world. In the past 100 years, the globe did not face a microbial pandemic similar in scale to COVID-19. Taken together, both previous outbreaks of other members of the coronavirus family (severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV) and middle east respiratory syndrome (MERS-CoV)) did not produce even 1% of the global harm already inflicted by COVID-19. There are also four other CoVs capable of infecting humans (HCoVs), which circulate continuously in the human population, but their phenotypes are generally mild, and these HCoVs received relatively little attention. These dramatic differences between infection with HCoVs, SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 raise many questions, such as: Why is COVID-19 transmitted so quickly? Is it due to some specific features of the viral structure? Are there some specific human (host) factors? Are there some environmental factors? The aim of this review is to collect and concisely summarize the possible and logical answers to these questions.

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“…As we get older, the chance of developing a lung disease increases. Older persons, aged at least 65 years, report high rates of respiratory symptoms, which commonly associate with COPD, IPF and lung cancer [ 9 ▪ ]. Overall, there is an almost five-fold increase in incidence of IPF and COPD related solely to age [ 10 ], and two-thirds of new lung cancer cases are diagnosed in patients over the age of 65 [ 11 ].…”

Section: Aging and Lung Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Trade-offs in aging lung diseases

Moorsel

2018

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine

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Purpose of reviewThe process of aging involves biological changes that increases susceptibility for disease. In the aging lung disease IPF, GWAS studies identified genes associated with risk for disease. Recently, several of these genes were also found to be involved in risk for COPD or lung cancer. This review describes GWAS-derived risk genes for IPF that overlap with risk genes for lung cancer or COPD.Recent findingsRisk genes that overlap between aging lung diseases, include FAM13A, DSP and TERT. Most interestingly, disease predisposing alleles for IPF are opposite to those for COPD or lung cancer. Studies show that the alleles are associated with differential gene expression and with physiological traits in the general population. The opposite allelic effect sizes suggest the presence of trade-offs in the aging lung. For TERT, the trade-off involves cellular senescence versus proliferation and repair. For FAM13A and DSP, trade-offs may involve protection from noxious gases or tissue integrity.SummaryThe overlap in risk genes in aging lung diseases provides evidence that processes associated with FAM13A, DSP and TERT are important for healthy aging. The opposite effect size of the disease risk alleles may represent trade-offs, for which a model involving an apicobasal gene expression gradient is presented.

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Epidemiology of Lung Disease in Older Persons

Cited by 11 publications

References 42 publications

Retrospective Analysis of Cost and Factors Affecting Mortality in Elderly Patients in the Intensive Care Unit

Retrospective Analysis of Cost and Factors Affecting Mortality in Elderly Patients in the Intensive Care Unit

Why COVID-19 Transmission Is More Efficient and Aggressive Than Viral Transmission in Previous Coronavirus Epidemics?

Trade-offs in aging lung diseases

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