Epidemiology of <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> Pathovars Associated with Decline of Plum Trees in the Southwest of Germany

Hinrichs-Berger, J.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0434.2004.00816.x

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The symptoms of die‐back resemble the drastic damage as observed in cherry, plum and oak trees affected by bacterial cankers. The causal agents of these diseases are phytopathogenic bacteria as P. syringae pathovars (Latorre and Jones, 1979; Hinrichs‐Berger, 2004) and Brenneria quercina (Biosca et al., 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

16S rDNA Sequence Analysis of Bacterial Isolates from Die‐back Affected Sissoo Trees (Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.) in Bangladesh

Tantau¹,

Hoque²,

Sarker³

et al. 2005

Journal of Phytopathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A new form of disease called Ôdie-backÕ has been established in Dalbergia sissoo trees. This disease has reached epidemic proportions in Bangladesh as well as in other countries of South Asia and is characterized by browning of the leaves, signs of wilting, and trunk lesions with gum flow. The trees die within a few months. In order to investigate the causes of this dieback disease, samples were taken for a first trial in the Rajshahi division at two sites around Sherpur. For the isolation of bacteria, surface-sterilized plant material (leaves, twigs and trunk bark) from diseased trees was transferred to LB medium and incubated. After isolation of single colonies, various bacteria species could be identified by polymerase chain reaction analysis with two primers specific for highly conserved sequence regions in the bacterial 16S rDNA and by sequencing. First indications for the presence of bacteria with phytopathogenic potential were found.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

16S rDNA Sequence Analysis of Bacterial Isolates from Die‐back Affected Sissoo Trees (Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.) in Bangladesh

Tantau¹,

Hoque²,

Sarker³

et al. 2005

Journal of Phytopathology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…syringae causes annual tree mortality rates as high as 30% in Germany (43), and bacterial canker of hazelnut has resulted in the mortality of large numbers of trees in Italy and other European countries (77). The pathogen has the ability to kill both young and older trees.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudomonas syringaeDiseases of Fruit Trees: Progress Toward Understanding and Control

et al. 2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diseases of fruit trees caused by pathovars of Pseudomonas syringae van Hall are of major concern in fruitproducing areas worldwide, are exceedingly difficult to control, and result in significant economic losses. The pathogen has the ability to kill both young and older trees. Systemic infection and death of young trees is a perennial problem in nurseries, and canker development leading to the girdling and death of scaffold limbs and entire trees is a common event that can lead to the rapid demise of older orchards. For example, bacterial canker of plum caused by P. syringae pv. syringae causes annual tree mortality rates as high as 30% in Germany (43), and bacterial canker of hazelnut has resulted in the mortality of large numbers of trees in Italy and other European countries (77). Yield losses due to lesions on fruit are typically more sporadic in occurrence and variety dependent, but significant yearly losses have been reported in some instances. Finally, the pathogen's trait of ice nucleation activity also could exacerbate the importance of frost injury as a predisposing factor for infection. Frost damage in commercial orchards is a sporadic problem that facilitates colonization and the initiation of pathogenesis for these opportunistic pathogens.P. syringae and its close relatives cause diseases of monocots, herbaceous dicots, and woody dicots, and these pathogens utilize an impressive array of virulence factors such as effectors, toxins, and phytohormones to incite disease symptoms. Aspects of the systematics, ecology, and genetics of P. syringae have been reviewed and discussed by many authors (cited literature examples: 6,27,44,47,52). Extensive recent research efforts have focused on Pseudomonas diseases of herbaceous plants, and our understanding of P. syringae-host interactions has been facilitated by genome sequencing, comparative genomics, and functional studies (cited literature examples: 21,31,96).Our understanding of and ability to manage P. syringae diseases of fruit trees is relevant to our understanding of P. syringae diseases of herbaceous hosts, and vice versa. The exciting new insights into host-pathogen interactions from the model systems can give us clues on how to pro-ceed with the less genetically pliable fruit tree systems. Studies of the fruit tree systems, and comparisons with the model systems, can provide insights into the interactions of P. syringae strains with woody hosts and address relevant questions, such as: What is the role of type III secretion in infection of woody tissues? What virulence traits enable the colonization of woody tissue by P. syringae? Are there differences in the roles of toxins in diseases of woody hosts and herbaceous hosts? How did some pathogens evolve the ability to induce galls in woody hosts? Can resistance mechanisms characterized in the model-system herbaceous hosts be exploited in fruit trees?The objectives of this article are (i) to provide an overview of several Pseudomonas diseases of fruit trees, (ii) to discuss the current and emerging unde...

show abstract

“…Copper has been effective in reducing bacterial canker symptoms in some studies (30,47) but not in others (9,31), and the effect of copper on reducing blossom populations of P. syringae has not been reported. The only bactericide registered for bacterial canker management is copper, which is of limited use because sweet cherry trees are susceptible to copper phytotoxicity following bud break in spring.…”

Section: Phenotypic and Genetic Analysis Of Epiphytic Pseudomonas Syrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and Genetic Analysis of Epiphytic Pseudomonas syringae Populations from Sweet Cherry in Michigan

2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A severe outbreak of bacterial canker occurred on sweet cherry in Michigan in 2002. Blossom infection and subsequent canker formation was observed following a prolonged freeze event during bloom. Epiphytic blossom isolates of Pseudomonas syringae were recovered from 39 orchards from the three major cherry-growing areas (southwest [SW], west-central [WC], and northwest [NW]) of Michigan in 2003 and 2004. Average P. syringae populations over 2 years were 4.0, 5.1, and 4.8 log10 CFU/g of blossom tissue from the SW, WC, and NW areas, respectively. In 2003, copper-resistant P. syringae comprised 47.4, 21.1, and 3.1% of the total populations from the SW, WC, and NW areas, respectively, and levels of copper resistance were similar in 2004. Identification of 10 randomly chosen isolates from each orchard using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays indicated that 75 and 52% of the isolates from 2003 and 2004, respectively were P. syringae pv. syringae and that 1% and 23% of the isolates from 2003 and 2004, respectively, were P. syringae pv. morsprunorum. In addition, we were unable to determine the pathovar status of approximately 25% of the isolates each year, suggesting that a third P. syringae pathovar also was present in Michigan sweet cherry orchards. Pathogenicity on immature cherry fruit was confirmed for all P. syringae isolates. The frequency of ice nucleation was assessed for 44 individual P. syringae pv. syringae isolates, and the mean number of cells per active ice nucleus was 1,883. Extrapolating from this result, we estimated that active ice nuclei are present on most sweet cherry blossoms in Michigan orchards. Genetic fingerprinting of P. syringae pv. syringae using arbitrarily primed PCR indicated a high level of diversity and a clear differentiation of these organisms from the P. syringae isolates of unknown pathovar. A 2-year field trial evaluating the effect of dormant copper applications in spring and reduced-rate copper applications prior to bloom showed that these treatments were inconsistent in reducing P. syringae populations on blossoms.

show abstract

Epidemiology of Pseudomonas syringae Pathovars Associated with Decline of Plum Trees in the Southwest of Germany

Cited by 20 publications

References 22 publications

16S rDNA Sequence Analysis of Bacterial Isolates from Die‐back Affected Sissoo Trees (Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.) in Bangladesh

16S rDNA Sequence Analysis of Bacterial Isolates from Die‐back Affected Sissoo Trees (Dalbergia sissoo Roxb.) in Bangladesh

Pseudomonas syringaeDiseases of Fruit Trees: Progress Toward Understanding and Control

Phenotypic and Genetic Analysis of Epiphytic Pseudomonas syringae Populations from Sweet Cherry in Michigan

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About