Epidemiology ofEscherichia coli,KlebsiellaSpecies, andProteus mirabilisStrains Producing Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases From Clinical Samples in the Kinki Region of Japan

Molecular detection of SHV-Type ESBL in E. coli and K.pneumoniae and their antimicrobial resistance profile

“…6,7 The ESBL genes are mostly plasmid-encoded which can easily spread from one organism to another. 8 ESBLs are grouped into four classes A, B, C and D enzymes and eight subgroups according to their functional and structural characteristics. Cefotaximase (CTX-M), temoneira (TEM) and sulfhydryl variable (SHV) are a class A β-lactamases.…”

Antibiotic Susceptibilities and Genetic Characteristics of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing <i>Escherichia coli</i> Isolates from Stools of Pediatric Diarrhea Patients in Surabaya, Indonesia

“…Recently, extendedspectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing antibioticresistant strains, especially E. coli strains, have been in-creasingly reported in fecal samples, and the proportion of ESBL-producing strains in all E. coli has increased to 8-10 in European, Asian, and North American countries (6)(7)(8). ESBLs are class A beta-lactamases with a plasmid-related resistance mechanism; they are categorized into TEM-and SHV-types derived from the natural narrow-spectrum enzymes (9,10) and a CTX-M-type derived from beta-lactamase on the Kluyvera chromosome (11). Reportedly, ESBL-producing strains, which were TEM-or SHV-type, are increasingly CTX-M-type (12).…”

Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Enterobacteriaceae Members Isolated From Clinically Suspected Patients

“…For the genotypic identification, 15 ESBL positive strains (E. coli [8], E. aerogenes [6] and K. pneumoniae [1]) were selected, among two strains of E. aerogenes were positive isolates for CTX-M type ESBL in PCR. The amplified CTX-M gene after gel elution was sequenced using forward and reverse, about 415 and 771 bp were carried out in, Xcelris, Ahmedabad.…”

“…The ESBL genes are mostly plasmid-encoded [8], and most ESBLs can be divided into three genotypes: Temoniera (TEM), sulfhydryl variable (SHV), and CTX-M [3]. The predominant ESBL genotypes were TEM and SHV [9].…”