Epidemiology of gout and hyperuricaemia in Italy during the years 2005–2009: a nationwide population-based study

Trifirò, Gianluca; Morabito, Paolo; Cavagna, Lorenzo; Ferrajolo, Carmen; Pecchioli, Serena; Simonetti, Monica; Bianchini, Elisa; Medea, Gerardo; Cricelli, Claudio; Caputi, Achille P.; Mazzaglia, Giampiero

doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2011-201254

Cited by 238 publications

(169 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…7 It is higher than longitudinal databases of selected populations in the UK (1.4%), US (3.9%) and Italy (0.91%). 10,11,13 The only comparable Australian study is a 2002 Indigenous Australian study 18 , for which self-reported gout was confirmed by clinical examination and investigation, which found an overall prevalence of 3.8% (males 9%, females 0.7%). From a participant self-reported population survey from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (1997Statistics ( -1999, the prevalence of gout was 1.7%.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 Similarly an Italian 2005-2009 primary care database revealed a gout and hyperuricaemia prevalence of only 0.9% and 11.9% respectively. 11 Obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and chronic renal failure have consistently been identified to be increased in the gout population. 8,10,11,12,13 The association of diabetes mellitus and a current smoking history are less well defined with some studies finding them to be less prevalent in people with gout.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 Obesity, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and chronic renal failure have consistently been identified to be increased in the gout population. 8,10,11,12,13 The association of diabetes mellitus and a current smoking history are less well defined with some studies finding them to be less prevalent in people with gout. 2,10,12 To date health related quality of life (HRQoL) has not been extensively assessed in gout trials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and associations of gout and hyperuricaemia: results from an Australian population‐based study

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Gill

Keen

et al. 2016

Internal Medicine Journal

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ABSTRACT:Background:Despite gout and hyperuricaemia being major co-morbid health issues worldwide, there is a large epidemiological gap regarding their impact in the Australian community. Aims:To determine the prevalence and associations of self-reported medically diagnosed gout, and hyperuricaemia, in an Australian population-based cohort. Methods:The North West Adelaide Health Study (NWAHS) is a longitudinal cohort study consisting of three stages of data collection. Each stage comprised a self-complete questionnaire, clinic assessment and Computer Assisted Telephone Interview (CATI). In Stage 3 (2008-2010) participants were asked if a doctor had ever diagnosed them with gout. Additional data included demographics, co-morbidities, laboratory data and SF-36. Participants were defined as having gout if they had self-reported medically diagnosed gout or were taking any gout specific medication (allopurinol, colchicine, probenecid). Hyperuricaemia was defined as a serum uric acid level >0.42mmol/L in men and >0.34mmol/L in women. Results:The overall prevalence of gout was 5.2%. Males were significantly more likely to have gout than females (8.5% vs 2.1%, p<0.001). The overall prevalence of hyperuricaemia was 16.6%, with being male again identified as a significant risk factor (17.8% vs 15.4%, p<0.01). Both gout and hyperuricaemia were associated with male sex, body mass index, and renal disease, after 2 multivariable adjustment. There was no significant difference reported in quality of life scores in gout participants, compared to unaffected individuals. Conclusion:In the South Australian population the prevalence of gout and hyperuricaemia is high. This study emphasises the need for optimal diagnosis and management of gout in Australia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and associations of gout and hyperuricaemia: results from an Australian population‐based study

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Gill

Keen

et al. 2016

Internal Medicine Journal

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“…In the US, the gout prevalence in adults, from patient self-reports of health professional-diagnosed gout in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, increased from 2.7% to 3.9% from the period 1988-1994 to 2007-2008 (2). In Italy, a much lower prevalence was calculated with data from a large national primary care database, which nevertheless significantly increased from 0.67% in the adult population in 2005 to 0.91% in 2009 (3). In another recent study, also involving data from a large sample of general practitioners, gout prevalence in the whole UK population increased by 63.9% between 1997 and 2002, to reach an estimated prevalence of 2.5% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 2.48-2.51) in 2012, the highest prevalence ever recorded in Europe (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Prevalence of Gout in the Adult Population of France

Bardin

Bouée

Clerson

et al. 2016

Arthritis Care & Research

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Objective. To estimate adult gout prevalence in France. Methods. We used a previously established phone questionnaire that allowed for classifying patients as gouty or nongouty by 2 logistic regression models and 1 classification and regression tree (CART) model, the sensitivity and specificity of which were all more than 80%. The full questionnaire was administered by phone to subjects who acknowledged present or past nontraumatic acute pain in a peripheral joint, the others being classified as nongouty. A random sample of adults residing in France was derived from the national telephone directory (home and mobile) by the quota method and further redressed to match the French population. The target size for the interview survey conducted in March and June 2013 was 10,000 participants. Results. We interviewed 10,026 participants. All 3 models (2 logistic regression models and a CART model) converged to an estimated gout prevalence of 0.9%. This prevalence was lower than that estimated by self-reporting only (3.7% [95% confidence interval 3.3-4.1]). The prevalence was higher for men than women and increased with age but did not differ by area of France. Conclusion. Gout prevalence in the adult population of France in 2013 was estimated at 0.9%. Studies using selfreporting only might overestimate the prevalence.

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“…This is a rheumatology practice–based multicenter cohort that ensures high reliability in the assessment but selection of more severe or refractory disease. Of note, we included a relatively higher proportion of men than expected in a general population sample 25. Further validation in a primary care setting is worthwhile to define its generalizability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and First Validation of a Disease Activity Score for Gout

Scirè

Carrara

Viroli

et al. 2016

Arthritis Care & Research

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ObjectiveTo develop a new composite disease activity score for gout and provide its first validation.MethodsDisease activity has been defined as the ongoing presence of urate deposits that lead to acute arthritis and joint damage. Every measure for each Outcome Measures in Rheumatology core domain was considered. A 3‐step approach (factor analysis, linear discriminant analysis, and linear regression) was applied to derive the Gout Activity Score (GAS). Decision to change treatment or 6‐month flare count were used as the surrogate criteria of high disease activity. Baseline and 12‐month followup data of 446 patients included in the Kick‐Off of the Italian Network for Gout cohort were used. Construct‐ and criterion‐related validity were tested. External validation on an independent sample is reported.ResultsFactor analysis identified 5 factors: patient‐reported outcomes, joint examination, flares, tophi, and serum uric acid (sUA). Discriminant function analysis resulted in a correct classification of 79%. Linear regression analysis identified a first candidate GAS including 12‐month flare count, sUA, visual analog scale (VAS) of pain, VAS global activity assessment, swollen and tender joint counts, and a cumulative measure of tophi. Alternative scores were also developed. The developed GAS demonstrated a good correlation with functional disability (criterion validity) and discrimination between patient‐ and physician‐reported measures of active disease (construct validity). The results were reproduced in the external sample.ConclusionThis study developed and validated a composite measure of disease activity in gout. Further testing is required to confirm its generalizability, responsiveness, and usefulness in assisting with clinical decisions.

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Epidemiology of gout and hyperuricaemia in Italy during the years 2005–2009: a nationwide population-based study

Cited by 238 publications

References 34 publications

Prevalence and associations of gout and hyperuricaemia: results from an Australian population‐based study

Prevalence and associations of gout and hyperuricaemia: results from an Australian population‐based study

Prevalence of Gout in the Adult Population of France

Development and First Validation of a Disease Activity Score for Gout

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