Epidemiology of GER

Salvatore, Silvia; Vandenplas, Yvan

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-99067-1_1

Cited by 1 publication

(6 citation statements)

References 79 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In infants, regurgitation is one of the most common symptoms, occurring approximately 3 to 4 times daily particularly within the first 6 months. 4,8 Parents may present to the ED with concerns that are often nonspecific including spitting up, fussiness, abdominal discomfort, poor feeding, or poor weight gain. Extraesophageal symptoms in infants can also include respiratory distress, coughing, wheezing, and sometimes stridor.…”

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Estimates of the prevalence of GER in multiple countries range from 3% to 87%, with a global consensus reporting an average prevalence of 30% dependent upon age of the infant and reporting of symptoms 8 . The large range in reporting was associated with defining GER as a single daily regurgitation episode or more than 4 daily regurgitation episodes.…”

Section: Learning Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Distinction should be made between regurgitation (the ejection of contents within the esophagus) and vomiting (the ejection of stomach and upper intestine contents). Studies assessing the variability of regurgitation with age showed a low prevalence in the first 2 months, a steady increase and peak approximately 3 to 4 months, a subsequent decrease over the next 6 months with most cases fully resolved by 1 year of age 8,9 …”

Section: Learning Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[5][6][7] Estimates of the prevalence of GER in multiple countries range from 3% to 87%, with a global consensus reporting an average prevalence of 30% dependent upon age of the infant and reporting of symptoms. 8 The large range in reporting was associated with defining GER as a single daily regurgitation episode or more than 4 daily regurgitation episodes. Distinction should be made between regurgitation (the ejection of contents within the esophagus) and vomiting (the ejection of stomach and upper intestine contents).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies assessing the variability of regurgitation with age showed a low prevalence in the first 2 months, a steady increase and peak approximately 3 to 4 months, a subsequent decrease over the next 6 months with most cases fully resolved by 1 year of age. 8,9 Gastroesophageal reflux is a normal physiologic process that is often related to the amount of intake, positioning after feeds, and limited capacity of the esophageal and gastric spaces in infants. It is most predominantly due to transient relaxations of the lower esophageal sphincter, which allows gastric contents to re-enter the esophagus.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Gastroesophageal Reflux in the Emergency Department

2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is a common physiologic occurrence in infants, children, and adolescents and can develop into a pathological process (GERD) with associated complications. Gastroesophageal reflux is reported in approximately 30% of healthy infants, with a peak age of 3 to 4 months and is a common concern from families presenting to the emergency department. Evaluation and diagnosis of GER/GERD is primarily clinical and requires a detailed history, a complete physical examination, and exclusion of more severe extraesophageal pathologies. A high index of suspicion for GERD should be considered in patients with recurrent respiratory symptoms, difficulty with weight gain, and children with medically complex conditions who would be at higher risk for these complications. This review will briefly discuss diagnostic studies for the evaluation of GER/GERD; however, these are not helpful in the acute care setting and should be reserved for evaluation by a subspecialist. Management of GER/GERD includes nonmedication management with reflux precautions and dietary/lifestyle modifications; medication management with proton-pump inhibitors, H2 blockers, antacids, or prokinetics, as well as surgical management for refractory or high-risk cases.

show abstract

Section: Clinical Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Learning Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Learning Objectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations