Epidemiology of Delirium in Critically Ill Adults: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Outcomes

Kehler, Dustin Scott; Sanjanwala, Rohan; Arora, Rakesh C.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-25751-4_3

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

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“…It is estimated to be between 11% and 42% for elderly patients on medical wards 11,41 . In critically ill patients, the overall prevalence of delirium varies across different populations and ranges from 16% to 89% 14,16 . Several authors have reported data on the incidence and prevalence of delirium in Latin American (LA) countries, using different measurement methodologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Delirium is associated with several adverse outcomes, including increased mortality (twice more likely to die in the hospital), increased length of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and hospital stay (a day and two longer length of ICU and hospital stay, respectively), cognitive impairment (worse cognitive and executive function scores at 3 and 12 months), functional decline (85% of delirious patients have decline in activities of daily living [ADL]), and a higher risk of institutionalization. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] Similarly, available data suggest that medically ill inpatients who experienced delirium also experienced increased rates of a number of long-term psychological disorder (i.e., increased incidence of depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder [PTSD]). [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] In addition, studies have found that the occurrence of delirium was associated with a higher incidence of cognitive impairment at hospital discharge compared with those without delirium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11,41 In critically ill patients, the overall prevalence of delirium varies across different populations and ranges from 16% to 89%. 14,16 Several authors have reported data on the incidence and prevalence of delirium in Latin American (LA) countries, using different measurement methodologies. To date, this information has not been systematically analyzed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Epidemiology of delirium in hospitalized patients in Latin America: A systematic review

Bravo

Sebastian

Estefania

et al. 2022

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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BackgroundAccurate epidemiological data are essential for the planning of policies aimed at the identification, prevention, and management of delirium. The reported occurrence of delirium in hospitalized patients varies widely among studies, ranging between 5% to more than 80% in the international literature. The exact occurrence in Latin America is not well described.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to conduct a systematic analysis of the published data on the epidemiology of delirium in hospitalized patients in Latin America.MethodsWe conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines. Both MEDLINE and LILACS databases were searched for original research articles reporting the occurrence of delirium among adult hospitalized patients in Latin American countries. Studies including pediatric populations were excluded from this analysis. Two authors independently applied eligibility criteria, assessed quality, and extracted data. The corresponding authors of the original articles were contacted to obtain relevant information about the study when this was not present in the published manuscripts.ResultsSeven hundred and eighteen original articles were identified. After screening titles and abstracts, 149 studies were included in the final analysis. The occurrence of delirium varied depending on the clinical scenario: (1) in the general medico‐surgical wards, it ranged from 2.1% to 60.4%, (2) in the Intensive Care Units (ICUs), from 9.6% to 94.8%, (3) in the post‐operatory population, from 5.45% and 52.3%, and (4) it was found to be between 10.7% and 62% in the emergency department setting. The most used delirium assessment tools were the “Confusion Assessment Method” (CAM; in the general population), and the “Confusion Assessment Method for the ICU” (CAM‐ICU). Fourteen out of 149 studies were conducted in clinical settings who actively implemented some form of non‐pharmacological delirium prevention bundles, most of them as part of ICU sedation‐analgesia protocols.ConclusionDelirium occurs frequently in hospitalized patients in Latin America throughout a variety of clinical scenarios, including ICU, general wards, post‐operatory populations, and among the emergency department setting. The CAM and the CAM‐ICU are the most used delirium assessment tools. Bundles of non‐pharmacological interventions to prevent delirium are not universally implemented.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%