Epidemiology of congenital hydrocephalus in Utah, 1940–1979: Report of an iatrogenically related “epidemic”

Blackburn, Brent L.; Fineman, Robert M.

doi:10.1002/ajmg.1320520202

Cited by 48 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…In spite of this, the incidence was much higher than in the developed countries during the same period. In a study from Utah in 1940-1979(Blackburn and Fineman 1994, the incidence of congenital hydrocephalus was 0.7 per 1,000 live births, which is more in accordance with the results in Swedish studies.…”

Section: Photo From a Hospital In Kenya 2001 Informed Consent Was Obsupporting

confidence: 78%

Vision in children with hydrocephalus

Andersson¹,

Persson²,

Aring³

et al. 2006

Dev Med Child Neurol

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Aims: To analyse trends in the live-birth prevalence of infantile hydrocephalus and hydrocephalus associated with myelomeningocele (MMC) during the period [1989][1990][1991][1992][1993][1994][1995][1996][1997][1998][1999][2000][2001][2002] and to study the outcome in terms of learning disability, cerebral palsy, epilepsy and visual deficits. Another objective was to explore motor function and disability profiles in various aetiological and gestational-age subgroups and to see whether treatment complications and neuroradiological findings correlate with outcome. Material and methods: A population-based study of all 262 live-born children with infantile hydrocephalus and hydrocephalus associated with MMC born in 1989-2002 in western Sweden. Aetiological and clinical information was collected from medical records, neuroimaging and ophthalmological examinations. A subgroup of 114 children were clinically examined and interviewed. Results: The live-birth prevalence of hydrocephalus was 0.77 per 1,000 live births, 0.48 for infantile hydrocephalus and 0.29 for hydrocephalus associated with MMC. The prevalence of infantile hydrocephalus decreased from 0.55 in 1989 to 0.48 per 1,000 in 2002, while that of MMC decreased from 0.35 to 0.16 per 1,000 during the same period. The prevalence in children born extremely preterm increased dramatically, with a gestational-age-specific prevalence of 13 per 1,000 in 1989 compared with 45 per 1,000 live births in 2002. During the same period, the perinatal mortality in these children decreased from 40 to 15 per 1,000 live births. A ventriculoperitoneal shunt was the first surgical intervention in 230 children (88%), while an endoscopic ventriculostomy was performed in 31 (12%). At least one surgical revision was required in 64% of the children. Of children with infantile hydrocephalus, 63% had at least one associated impairment, compared with 33% in the MMC group, apart from the consequences of the spinal lesion. Visual and other ophthalmological impairments were identified in the majority of the children. Very preterm birth was associated with a high risk of visual impairment. No child with normal neuroimaging had any associated neurological or visual impairment, compared with eleven of twelve with impairments in children with generalised parenchymal lesions. Conclusions: A decrease in the prevalence of infantile hydrocephalus was noted during the period 1989-1998, but it did not continue in 1999-2002. The stagnation was mainly explained by the increased survival of children born extremely preterm with post-haemorrhagic hydrocephalus. The aetiology of the hydrocephalus and gestational age at birth were important for outcome. The majority of the children had some associated neuroimpairment, such as learning disability, cerebral palsy or epilepsy, and more than three-quarters had ophthalmological abnormalities. Neuroimaging was found to be useful for aetiological, treatment and outcome considerations.

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Section: Photo From a Hospital In Kenya 2001 Informed Consent Was Obsupporting

confidence: 78%

Vision in children with hydrocephalus

Andersson¹,

Persson²,

Aring³

et al. 2006

Dev Med Child Neurol

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“…The reported incidence of fetal-, perinatal-, and neonatal-onset hydrocephalus is 0.48-0.81 per 1,000 live births [7,8]. There are several reports of SV, where the ventricle communicates with the subarachnoid space [2,[9][10][11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous Ventriculostomy into the Subdural Space in a Neonate with Congenital Hydrocephalus

et al. 2018

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We report a case of spontaneous temporary resolution of congenital hydrocephalus due to drainage into the subdural space, which is not a physiological space for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This is the first report of spontaneous drainage of CSF into the subdural space, and we term it “ventriculosubdurostomy.” We highlight the fact that spontaneous resolution of hydrocephalus due to drainage into a nonphysiological CSF space is temporary.

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“…[12][13][14][15][16] There are a number of problems in comparing such studies. First, neurosurgical institutions are frequently supra-specialist tertiary referral centres with poorly defined catchment populations, making incidence calculation difficult.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, some studies exclude specific aetiologies such as intra-partum head trauma or infection; no aetiology was excluded in this study. 15 Third, aetiology is not always clearly defined with the use of such terms as 'severe anomaly' and 'malformation'. 16 Advances in neuroimaging technology -and in particular the wider availability of MRI -has allowed for greater aetiological precision.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%